msbuild - Microsoft.Build.CPPTasks.Common 找不到 Microsoft.Build.Tasks.Core

Question

我刚刚将项目从 Visual C++ 2012 升级到 Visual C++ 2017，但 MSBuild 生成失败:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\IDE\VC\VCTargets\Microsoft.Cpp.Current.targets(64,5): error MSB4062: The "SetEnv" task could not be loaded from the assembly C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\IDE\VC\VCTargets\Microsoft.Build.CppTasks.Common.dll. Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified. Confirm that the declaration is correct, that the assembly and all its dependencies are available, and that the task contains a public class that implements Microsoft.Build.Framework.ITask. [C:\src\my-project.vcxproj]

Fusion 日志显示不好的事情:

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (2/12/2018 @ 1:44:29 PM) ***

The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\msbuild.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a
 (Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = msbuild.exe
Calling assembly : Microsoft.Build.CPPTasks.Common, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a.
===
LOG: This bind starts in LoadFrom load context.
WRN: Native image will not be probed in LoadFrom context. Native image will only be probed in default load context, like with Assembly.Load().
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\msbuild.exe.Config
LOG: Using host configuration file: 
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Post-policy reference: Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a
LOG: GAC Lookup was unsuccessful.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Professional/Common7/IDE/VC/VCTargets/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Professional/Common7/IDE/VC/VCTargets/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Professional/Common7/IDE/VC/VCTargets/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Professional/Common7/IDE/VC/VCTargets/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core/Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Core.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.

刚刚将此发布于Visual Studio Community但在 another almost identical bug report由于我无法理解的原因，他们将其关闭为“不是错误”。我希望 StackOverflow 能提供更多帮助。 :)

Answer 1

Microsoft.Build.CPPTasks.Common cannot find Microsoft.Build.Tasks.Core

您似乎正在使用 .NET 框架中的旧 MSBuild.exe。将项目从 VS2012 升级到 VS2017 后，您应该使用以下位置的 MSBuild.exe:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe

那是因为 MSBuild is now part of Visual Studio! :

Starting with Visual Studio 2013, the 2013 version of MSBuild will ship as a part of Visual Studio instead of the .NET Framework. This transition allows us to more rapidly evolve MSBuild.

希望这有帮助。