regex - 从 UninstallString 中提取 GUID

Question

我想要了解 Windows 系统上安装的所有软件(或者至少是在 Windows 中注册的所有软件)。使用 Powershell，我可以将数据提取到 gridview 中，然后将其过滤到 csv 文件中。为此，我使用以下代码:

### Extract x64 registered programs. Excluding KB updates

$data = dir HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall |
   where {$_.name -notmatch '(\.)?KB\d+'}  -pv p |
   Get-ItemProperty |
     Where {$_.displayname -notmatch "KB\d{5,}"} |
   Select @{Name="Path";Expression={$p.name}},Displayname,DisplayVersion,InstallDate,UninstallString
;

### Extract and append to $data the x86 registered programs. Excluding KB updates

$data += dir HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Micsosoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall |
   where {$_.name -notmatch '(\.)?KB\d+'}  -pv p |
   Get-ItemProperty |
     Where {$_.displayname -notmatch "KB\d{5,}"} |
   Select @{Name="Path";Expression={$p.name}},DisplayName,DisplayVersion,InstallDate,UninstallString
;

### Acces $data and output to a gridview and further to csv.

$data |
   select-Object DisplayName,DisplayVersion,InstallDate,UninstallString |
   sort-object -Property DisplayName |
   out-gridview -PassTHru |
   export-csv -delimiter "," -Path C:\temp\software.csv

示例输出如下所示:

DisplayName                         DisplayVersion  InstallDate UninstallString    
7-Zip 9.20 (x64 edition)            9.20.00.0       20190827    MsiExec.exe /I{23170F69-40C1-2702-0920-000001000000}
QGIS 3.4.13 'Madeira'               03.04.2013                  C:\Program Files\QGIS 3.4\uninstall.exe
Microsoft Office Access ...         14.0.7015.      20190827    MsiExec.exe /X{90140000-0015-0407-0000-0000000FF1CE}
Realtek Card Reader 10.0.10125....  20190827                    "C:\Program Files (x86)\InstallShield Installation Information\{5BC2B5AB-80DE-4E83-B8CF-426902051D0A}\setup.exe" -runfromtemp  -removeonly

为了进一步处理，我想附加一列，其中 GUID(如果存在)是从 UninstallString 中提取的。示例:

DisplayName                         DisplayVersion  InstallDate GUID                                  UninstallString
7-Zip 9.20 (x64 edition)            9.20.00.0       20190827    23170F69-40C1-2702-0920-000001000000  MsiExec.exe /I{23170F69-40C1-2702-0920-000001000000}
QGIS 3.4.13 'Madeira'               03.04.2013                                                        C:\Program Files\QGIS 3.4\uninstall.exe
Microsoft Office Access ...         14.0.7015.      20190827    90140000-0015-0407-0000-0000000FF1CE  MsiExec.exe /X{90140000-0015-0407-0000-0000000FF1CE}
Realtek Card Reader 10.0.10125....  20190827                    5BC2B5AB-80DE-4E83-B8CF-426902051D0A  "C:\Program Files (x86)\InstallShield Installation Information\{5BC2B5AB-80DE-4E83-B8CF-426902051D0A}\setup.exe" -runfromtemp  -removeonly

我知道我必须使用正则表达式代码以某种方式完成此操作，但我无法进一步继续。有人可以帮助我吗？谢谢

Answer 1

您可以使用正则表达式 -match 从 UninstallString 中提取 GUID，并将其作为计算属性添加到 Select-Object 中:

$reGuid = '\{?(([0-9a-f]){8}-([0-9a-f]){4}-([0-9a-f]){4}-([0-9a-f]){4}-([0-9a-f]){12})\}?'

$data | Select-Object DisplayName,DisplayVersion,InstallDate,
                      @{Name = 'GUID'; Expression = { if ($_.UninstallString -match $reGuid) {$matches[1]}} },
                      UninstallString |
        Sort-Object -Property DisplayName |
        Out-GridView -PassThru |
        Export-Csv -Delimiter "," -Path 'C:\temp\software.csv' -NoTypeInformation

正则表达式详细信息:

\{                    Match the character “{” literally
   ?                  Between zero and one times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)
(                     Match the regular expression below and capture its match into backreference number 1
   (                  Match the regular expression below and capture its match into backreference number 2
      [0-9a-f]        Match a single character present in the list below
                      A character in the range between “0” and “9”
                      A character in the range between “a” and “f”
   ){8}               Exactly 8 times
   -                  Match the character “-” literally
   (                  Match the regular expression below and capture its match into backreference number 3
      [0-9a-f]        Match a single character present in the list below
                      A character in the range between “0” and “9”
                      A character in the range between “a” and “f”
   ){4}               Exactly 4 times
   -                  Match the character “-” literally
   (                  Match the regular expression below and capture its match into backreference number 4
      [0-9a-f]        Match a single character present in the list below
                      A character in the range between “0” and “9”
                      A character in the range between “a” and “f”
   ){4}               Exactly 4 times
   -                  Match the character “-” literally
   (                  Match the regular expression below and capture its match into backreference number 5
      [0-9a-f]        Match a single character present in the list below
                      A character in the range between “0” and “9”
                      A character in the range between “a” and “f”
   ){4}               Exactly 4 times
   -                  Match the character “-” literally
   (                  Match the regular expression below and capture its match into backreference number 6
      [0-9a-f]        Match a single character present in the list below
                      A character in the range between “0” and “9”
                      A character in the range between “a” and “f”
   ){12}              Exactly 12 times
)                  
\}                    Match the character “}” literally
   ?                  Between zero and one times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)