java - 将 Actionlistener 移至单独的类

Question

我目前正在为大学开发一个银行应用程序项目，GUI(此处使用 swing)由许多不同的屏幕组成，每个屏幕有 2-8 个按钮，所以最终它归结为 50 多个按钮，其中都有不同的功能。所有 GUI 的单个组件都外包给一个不同的类，当主程序调用 GUI 时我会调用该类。

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileNameExtensionFilter;
import javax.swing.text.NumberFormatter;

import java.sql.*;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.io.*;

public class Gui extends JFrame {

    private JPanel contentPane = new JPanel();
    private static Database userData;
    private Components components;

    public Gui(Database userData) {
        components = new Components(this, userData);

        ActionListeners al = new ActionListeners(components, this, userData);

        for (int i = 0; i < components.accountModels.length; i++) {
            initializeSettings(components.accountModels[i]);
        }

        components.checkingAccSettings = readSettings("Checking Account");
        components.dayMoneyAccSettings = readSettings("Day Money Account");
        components.depositAccSettings = readSettings("Deposit Account");
        components.fixedDepositAccSettings = readSettings("Fixed Deposit Account");
        components.robberyAccSettings = readSettings("Robbery Account");

        components.loadLookAndFeel();
        this.userData = userData;
        setIconImage(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit()
                .getImage(Gui.class.getResource("/de/magani/banking/sparkasse_logo_transparent.png")));

        Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
        double width = screenSize.getWidth();
        double height = screenSize.getHeight();
        int screenWidth = (int) width;
        int screenHeight = (int) height;
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(screenWidth / 4, screenHeight / 4, screenWidth / 2, screenHeight / 2);
        setResizable(true);
        setMinimumSize(new Dimension(960, 608));
        getContentPane().setLayout(null);

        try {
            File file = new File("C:/Program Files/Sparbank/adminCred.sparbank");
            BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file, true));
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
            String currentLine = null;
            if (file.exists() && ((currentLine = in.readLine()) != null)) {
                components.adminPassword = currentLine;
                in.close();
                out.close();
            } else {
                file.createNewFile();
                components.adminPassword = "123";
                out.write(components.adminPassword);
                in.close();
                out.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // menuScreen
        components.btnDisplayBalance.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                try {
                    displayBalanceScreen();
                } catch (SQLException e1) {
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        components.btnWithdraw.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                withdrawScreen();
            }
        });

        components.btnDeposit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                depositScreen();
            }
        });

        components.btnTransfer.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                if (components.currentAccount.equals("Robbery Account")) {
                    robberyScreen();
                } else {
                    transferScreen();
                }
            }
        });

到目前为止，一切工作正常，应用程序实际上已经完全完成，但我现在面临的问题是，我不希望 GUI 的构造函数充满了 ActionListener 的大约 600 行代码，所以我尝试将它们移动到不同的类，将组件和 GUI 本身作为参数传递。但现在启动程序时，所有按钮都不起作用。我一直在搜索一些网站，但还没有真正找到似乎对我有帮助的答案。

对此的任何帮助将非常非常感激。如果需要任何代码示例或其他任何内容来解决问题，请随时告诉我，我只是不想在这篇文章中添加太多不必要的代码。

Answer 1

您的ActionListener引用GUI中的方法类，所以最简单的重构就是拥有每个 ActionListener在 GUI 内的嵌套类中:

   class DepositeAL implements ActionListener{

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
            depositScreen();        
        }
    }

并使用它: components.btnDeposit.addActionListener(new DepositeAL());

要将操作监听器重构为非嵌套类，您需要传递对 GUI 的引用。 :

    class DepositeAL implements ActionListener{

        private Gui gui;
        DepositeAL(Gui gui){
            this.gui = gui;
        }
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
            gui.depositScreen();        
        }
    }

并使用它:components.btnDeposit.addActionListener(new DepositeAL(this));