python - kubernetes.client.rest.ApiException:(401)原因:未经授权；创建/删除GKE Pane 的IAM

Question

我正在尝试阅读GKE集群中 Activity pods 的列表。我还希望能够使用python客户端以编程方式创建和/或删除Pod。我应该授予我的服务帐户哪些IAM访问权限才能完成此任务？由于我一直在尝试使它工作的几乎所有方法，因此该服务帐户当前具有Kubernetes Engine Admin，Kubernetes Engine Cluster Admin和Kubernetes Engine Developer访问权限。
这是一些示例代码，试图读取群集IP的“默认” namespace 中的Pod

import kubernetes
from oauth2client.client import GoogleCredentials


def get_access_config(cluster_ip):
    # access the k8s cluster, https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster/
    credentials = GoogleCredentials.get_application_default()
    access_token = credentials.get_access_token()

    # Create a configuration object
    access_configuration = kubernetes.client.Configuration()

    # Specify the access configuration to access k8s cluster
    access_configuration.host = f"https://{cluster_ip}:443"
    access_configuration.verify_ssl = False
    access_configuration.api_key = {"authorization": "Bearer " + access_token.access_token}
    return access_configuration


def get_pod_list(access_configuration):
    v1 = kubernetes.client.CoreV1Api(kubernetes.client.ApiClient(access_configuration))
    print("Listing pods with their IPs:")
    ret = v1.list_namespaced_pod(namespace='default')


cluster_ip = '0.0.0.0'  # replace with your cluster_ip
access_configuration = get_access_config(cluster_ip)
get_pod_list(access_configuration)

每当我运行 get_pod_list函数时，都会得到以下回溯:

Traceback (most recent call last):   File "<input>", line 3, in
<module>   File
"/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/api/core_v1_api.py",
line 12803, in list_namespaced_pod
    (data) = self.list_namespaced_pod_with_http_info(namespace, **kwargs)  # noqa: E501   File "/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/api/core_v1_api.py",
line 12905, in list_namespaced_pod_with_http_info
    collection_formats=collection_formats)   File "/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/api_client.py",
line 345, in call_api
    _preload_content, _request_timeout)   File "/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/api_client.py",
line 176, in __call_api
    _request_timeout=_request_timeout)   File "/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/api_client.py",
line 366, in request
    headers=headers)   File "/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/rest.py",
line 241, in GET
    query_params=query_params)   File "/Users/<user>/miniconda3/envs/<my_env>/lib/python3.7/site-packages/kubernetes/client/rest.py",
line 231, in request
    raise ApiException(http_resp=r) kubernetes.client.rest.ApiException: (401) Reason: Unauthorized HTTP
response headers: HTTPHeaderDict({'Audit-Id':
'22bd2789-30d0-4be8-a211-277a39396de7', 'Content-Type':
'application/json', 'Date': 'Wed, 22 Jul 2020 22:12:17 GMT',
'Content-Length': '129'}) HTTP response body:
{"kind":"Status","apiVersion":"v1","metadata":{},"status":"Failure","message":"Unauthorized","reason":"Unauthorized","code":401} ```

如果我的IAM访问权限不是问题，那么是什么导致此401“未经授权”错误，我该如何解决？
编辑/更新
即使按照当前答案中的说明进行操作，我仍然会遇到相同的错误。这些说明似乎是必需的，但不足以解决问题。
我以为我的 GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS路径变量可能指向错误的JSON文件，但是我检查了以下代码，并指向了正确的文件:

import os
os.environ('GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS')

检查之后，我尝试了 https://github.com/kubernetes-client/python的代码的简单版本:

from kubernetes import client, config

# Configs can be set in Configuration class directly or using helper utility
config.load_kube_config()

v1 = client.CoreV1Api()
print("Listing pods with their IPs:")
ret = v1.list_namespaced_pod(namespace='default')

该版本适用!!!那么，将 GoogleCredentials加载到 api_client中的 kubernetes.client.CoreV1Api版本有什么问题/差异？ GoogleCredentials.get_application_default()行是否以某种方式寻找并找到了错误的凭证？如果是这样，如何将其指向正确的凭据？

Answer 1

您没有提供步骤❓，因此这对我有用，我的服务帐户具有“管理员GKE”访问权限:
创建服务帐户凭据:

gcloud iam service-accounts keys create cred.json --iam-account  mytestserviceaccount@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com
created key [xxxxxxxxxx] of type [json] as [cred.json] for [mytestserviceaccount@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com]``

激活服务帐户:

gcloud auth activate-service-account mytestserviceaccount@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com --key-file=cred.json

您可以通过以下方式进行检查:

gcloud auth list
                       Credentialed Accounts
ACTIVE  ACCOUNT
*       mytestserviceaccount@dproject.iam.gserviceaccount.com
        name@sample.com

然后:

gcloud container clusters get-credentials gke-cluster-name --zone us-central1-a --project project

确保您允许用户管理员访问您的服务帐户:

另外，该帐户具有Kubernetes管理员角色:

测试的好方法:

kubectl get pods应该可以工作。

我复制了上面的代码，它可与我的一个GKE集群一起使用。
✌️