java - 如何获取单个字符串中包含的变量名称及其值？

Question

如果我的信息包含在单个字符串中，如何获取字符串变量名称并为其分配值？

我有一个像这样的字符串:

"id: 123487, street1: Stanton, street2: Gateway, street3: Hawkins, city: Horizon"

我想要实现的结果是这样的:
id =“123487”
street1=“斯坦顿”
street2=“网关”
street3=“霍金斯”
城市=“地平线”

到目前为止我所拥有的是这段代码:

String scannedData = "id: 123487, street1: Stanton, street2: Gateway, street3: Hawkins, city: Horizon"


String[] data = scannedData.split(",");
for (String result1 : data) {
    Toast.makeText(scanQrActivity.this,
            result1, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

所以我可以使用 Toast 向用户显示用逗号分隔的字符串，我有这个:
“id:123487”
“1号街:斯坦顿”
“street2:网关”
“第三街:霍金斯”
“城市:地平线”

也许我之前可以创建 5 个变量，并且以某种方式只获取值，因此在 for 循环中我可以将每个值分配给每个变量？
但我不知道如何，你能帮助我实现我想要做的事情吗？
谢谢!

Answer 1

我创建了一个 Location 类，它将保存我们要解析的数据。

public class Location {

    private int id;

    private String street1, street2, street3, city;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getStreet1() {
        return street1;
    }

    public void setStreet1(String street1) {
        this.street1 = street1;
    }

    public String getStreet2() {
        return street2;
    }

    public void setStreet2(String street2) {
        this.street2 = street2;
    }

    public String getStreet3() {
        return street3;
    }

    public void setStreet3(String street3) {
        this.street3 = street3;
    }

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
}

现在我们可以使用以下方法将输入字符串解析为 Location 对象。

public static Location parseLocation(String input) {
    // Get the input and split it into an array of "key: value" strings.
    String[] splitInput = input.split(", ");

    // Create an array to hold the actual key-values.
    String[][] keyValues = new String[splitInput.length][2];

    // Split each "key: value" string into its consisting parts.
    for (int i = 0; i < splitInput.length; i++) {
        keyValues[i] = splitInput[i].split(": ");
    }

    // Create a Location object to populate.
    Location location = new Location();

    // Find the keys & values from the input that you're looking for.
    for (String[] keyValue : keyValues) {

        // Switch on the key.
        switch (keyValue[0]) {
            case "id":
                location.setId(Integer.valueOf(keyValue[1]));
                break;

            case "street1":
                location.setStreet1(keyValue[1]);
                break;

            case "street2":
                location.setStreet2(keyValue[1]);
                break;

            case "street3":
                location.setStreet3(keyValue[1]);
                break;

            case "city":
                location.setCity(keyValue[1]);
                break;
        }
    }
    return location;
}

此解决方案允许将更多键值添加到输入字符串中，而不会导致程序崩溃。您需要做的就是为新键添加一个 case 语句，并向 Location 对象添加一个 getter/setter。

用法:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String   input    = "id: 123487, street1: Stanton, street2: Gateway, street3: Hawkins, city: Horizon";
    Location location = parseLocation(input);

    System.out.println(String.format("id: %d\n"
            + "street1: %s\n"
            + "street2: %s\n"
            + "street3: %s\n"
            + "city: %s", location.getId(), 
            location.getStreet1(), location.getStreet2(), 
            location.getStreet3(), location.getCity()));
}