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docker - 我们如何获取 Kubernetes 集群中 NodePort 服务的 NodePort 的 tcpdump？

转载 作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-12-02 12:01:13 26 4
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我想要一个 NodePort 服务的节点端口(比如 30034)的 tcpdump 指向 Kubernetes 集群中的一个 pod。此节点端口服务映射到路径下的入口资源内。当我使用入口内配置的主机访问入口时，我收到了目标 pod 的响应，但 tcpdump 没有跟踪任何内容。 (Ingress-->NodePortService->NodePort--[tcpdump]->pod)

我试过:sudo tcpdump -i any port 30034 -w tcp-dump.pcap但它没有捕捉到任何东西。

你能在这里提出建议吗？当流量来自入口 Controller 时，tcpdump 未捕获任何内容的原因是什么。但是，如果我直接将节点打为 https://node-ip:30034:/service ;我收到了 tcpdump。

谢谢。

最佳答案

在 Kubernetes 中有效地进行 TCPdump 有点棘手，需要您为 pod 创建一个 side car。您所面临的实际上是预期的行为。

run good old stuff like TCPdump or ngrep would not yield much interesting information, because you link directly to the bridge network or overlay in a default scenario.

The good news is, that you can link your TCPdump container to the host network or even better, to the container network stack. Source: How to TCPdump effectively in Docker

问题是你有两个入口点，一个是 nodeIP:NodePort，第二个是 ClusterIP:Port。两者都指向在 kubernetes iptables 上设置的端点的同一组随机化规则。

一旦它可能发生在任何节点上，就很难配置 tcpdump 以仅在一个点上捕获所有有趣的流量。

我所知道的用于此类分析的最佳工具是 Istio，但它主要适用于 HTTP 流量。

考虑到这一点，最好的解决方案是为服务后面的每个 pod 使用 tcpdumper sidecar。

让我们通过一个例子来了解如何实现这一点

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: web
  name: web-app
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: web
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: web
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: web-app
        image: nginx
        imagePullPolicy: Always        
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
      - name: tcpdumper
        image: docker.io/dockersec/tcpdump
      restartPolicy: Always
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: web-svc
  namespace: default
spec:
  ports:
  - nodePort: 30002
    port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: web
  type: NodePort

在这个 list 上我们可以注意到树重要的东西。我们有一个 nginx 容器和一个 tcpdumper 容器作为边车，我们有一个定义为 NodePort 的服务。

要访问我们的 sidecar，您必须运行以下命令:

$ kubectl attach -it web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6 -c tcpdumper

例子:

$ kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP        13d
web-svc      NodePort    10.108.142.180   <none>        80:30002/TCP   9d
$ curl localhost:30002
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
$ kubectl attach -it web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6 -c tcpdumper
Unable to use a TTY - container tcpdumper did not allocate one
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
> web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [P.], seq 1:78, ack 1, win 222, options [nop,nop,TS val 300957902 ecr 300958061], length 77: HTTP: GET / HTTP/1.1
12:03:16.884512 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.1336: Flags [.], ack 78, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 300958061 ecr 300957902], length 0
12:03:16.884651 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.1336: Flags [P.], seq 1:240, ack 78, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 300958061 ecr 300957902], length 239: HTTP: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
12:03:16.884705 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.1336: Flags [P.], seq 240:852, ack 78, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 300958061 ecr 300957902], length 612: HTTP
12:03:16.884743 IP 192.168.250.64.1336 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 240, win 231, options [nop,nop,TS val 300957902 ecr 300958061], length 0
12:03:16.884785 IP 192.168.250.64.1336 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 852, win 240, options [nop,nop,TS val 300957902 ecr 300958061], length 0
12:03:16.889312 IP 192.168.250.64.1336 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [F.], seq 78, ack 852, win 240, options [nop,nop,TS val 300957903 ecr 300958061], length 0
12:03:16.889351 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.1336: Flags [F.], seq 852, ack 79, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 300958062 ecr 300957903], length 0
12:03:16.889535 IP 192.168.250.64.1336 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 853, win 240, options [nop,nop,TS val 300957903 ecr 300958062], length 0
12:08:10.336319 IP6 fe80::ecee:eeff:feee:eeee > ff02::2: ICMP6, router solicitation, length 16
12:15:47.717966 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [S], seq 3314747302, win 28400, options [mss 1420,sackOK,TS val 301145611 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
12:15:47.717993 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.2856: Flags [S.], seq 2539474977, ack 3314747303, win 27760, options [mss 1400,sackOK,TS val 301145769 ecr 301145611,nop,wscale 7], length 0
12:15:47.718162 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 1, win 222, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145611 ecr 301145769], length 0
12:15:47.718164 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [P.], seq 1:78, ack 1, win 222, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145611 ecr 301145769], length 77: HTTP: GET / HTTP/1.1
12:15:47.718191 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.2856: Flags [.], ack 78, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145769 ecr 301145611], length 0
12:15:47.718339 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.2856: Flags [P.], seq 1:240, ack 78, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145769 ecr 301145611], length 239: HTTP: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
12:15:47.718403 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.2856: Flags [P.], seq 240:852, ack 78, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145769 ecr 301145611], length 612: HTTP
12:15:47.718451 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 240, win 231, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145611 ecr 301145769], length 0
12:15:47.718489 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 852, win 240, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145611 ecr 301145769], length 0
12:15:47.723049 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [F.], seq 78, ack 852, win 240, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145612 ecr 301145769], length 0
12:15:47.723093 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.2856: Flags [F.], seq 852, ack 79, win 217, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145770 ecr 301145612], length 0
12:15:47.723243 IP 192.168.250.64.2856 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 853, win 240, options [nop,nop,TS val 301145612 ecr 301145770], length 0
12:15:50.493995 IP 192.168.250.64.31340 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [S], seq 124258064, win 28400, options [mss 1420,sackOK,TS val 301146305 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
12:15:50.494022 IP web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80 > 192.168.250.64.31340: Flags [S.], seq 3544403648, ack 124258065, win 27760, options [mss 1400,sackOK,TS val 301146463 ecr 301146305,nop,wscale 7], length 0
12:15:50.494189 IP 192.168.250.64.31340 > web-app-db7f7c59-d4xm6.80: Flags [.], ack 1, win 222, options

您还可以查看 ksniff 工具，这是一个 kubectl 插件，它利用 tcpdump 和 Wireshark 在您的 Kubernetes 集群中的任何 pod 上启动远程捕获。

关于docker - 我们如何获取 Kubernetes 集群中 NodePort 服务的 NodePort 的 tcpdump？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61754712/

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