java - 多线程处理多个pdf文件

Question

所以我试图通过一个函数来运行多个PDF文件，该函数抓取文本，将其与静态字典进行比较，然后将其关系数据添加到MYSQL中的索引表中。我研究了多线程，但不确定这是否能达到我的需要。

这是我要遍历所有 PDF 文件的 for 循环

for(String temp: files){
    //addToDict(temp,dictonary,conn);
    //new Scraper(temp,dictonary,conn).run();
    Scraper obj=new Scraper(temp,dictonary,conn);  
    Thread T1 =new Thread(obj);  
    T1.start();  

    //System.out.println((ammountOfFiles--)+" files left");
}

这是我创建的实现 runnable 的 Scraper 类

public  class Scraper implements Runnable {

    private String filePath;
    private HashMap<String,Integer> map;
    private Connection conn;

    public Scraper(String file_path,HashMap<String,Integer> dict,Connection connection) {
       // store parameter for later user
       filePath =file_path;
       map = dict;
       conn = connection;
   }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //cut file path so it starts from the data folder 
        int cutPos = filePath.indexOf("Data");
        String cutPath = filePath.substring(cutPos);
        cutPath = cutPath.replaceAll("\\\\", "|");

        System.out.println(cutPath+" being scrapped");

        // Queries
        String addSentanceQuery ="INSERT INTO sentance(sentance_ID,sentance_Value) VALUES(Default,?)";
        String addContextQuery ="INSERT INTO context(context_ID,word_ID,sentance_ID,pdf_path) VALUES(Default,?,?,?)";

        // Prepared Statementes

        // RESULT SETS
        ResultSet sentanceKeyRS=null;

        BodyContentHandler handler = new BodyContentHandler(-1);
        Metadata metadata = new Metadata();
        FileInputStream inputstream = null;
        try {
            inputstream = new FileInputStream(new File(filePath));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        ParseContext pcontext = new ParseContext();

        //parsing the document using PDF parser
        PDFParser pdfparser = new PDFParser();
        try {
            pdfparser.parse(inputstream, handler, metadata, pcontext);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (SAXException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (TikaException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }

        //getting the content of the document
        String fileText = handler.toString();

        fileText = fileText.toLowerCase();

        //spilt text by new line

        String sentances [] = fileText.split("\\n");

        for(String x : sentances){
            x = x.trim();
            if(x.isEmpty() || x.matches("\\t+") || x.matches("\\n+") || x.matches("")){

            }else{
                int sentanceID = 0;
                //add sentance to db and get the id
                try (PreparedStatement addSentancePrepare = conn.prepareStatement(addSentanceQuery,Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS)) {
                    addSentancePrepare.setString(1, x);
                    addSentancePrepare.executeUpdate();
                    sentanceKeyRS = addSentancePrepare.getGeneratedKeys();
                    while (sentanceKeyRS.next()) {
                        sentanceID = sentanceKeyRS.getInt(1);
                    }
                    addSentancePrepare.close();
                    sentanceKeyRS.close();
                } catch (SQLException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }

                String words [] = x.split(" ");

                for(String y : words){
                    y = y.trim();
                    if(y.matches("\\s+") || y.matches("")){

                    }else if(map.containsKey(y)){

                        //get ID and put in middle table
                        try (PreparedStatement addContextPrepare = conn.prepareStatement(addContextQuery)) {
                            addContextPrepare.setInt(1, map.get(y));
                            addContextPrepare.setInt(2, sentanceID);
                            addContextPrepare.setString(3, cutPath);
                            addContextPrepare.executeUpdate();


                            addContextPrepare.close();

                        } catch (SQLException ex) {
                            Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                        }

                    }              
                }            
            }    
        }


        try {
            inputstream.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Scraper.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }

}

我的做法正确吗？我从未使用过多线程，但它似乎会加快我的程序速度。

Answer 1

您已完成程序的基本建模。从概念上讲，你几乎是正确的。不过，很少有人担心。

1. 可扩展性

当您需要处理更多文件时，您根本无法增加线程数。尽管增加并发工作线程的数量应该会提高我们认为的性能，但在现实世界中情况可能并非如此。当线程数量增加到一定程度(取决于各种参数)时，性能实际上会下降。(由于线程争用、通信、内存使用)。因此，我建议您使用 java concurrent 包附带的 ThreadPool 实现。请参阅我对您的代码所做的以下修改。

public class Test {

    private final ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor;

    public Test(int coreSize, int maxSize) {
        this.threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(coreSize,maxSize, 50, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(100));
    }


    public void submit(String[] files) {
        for(String temp: files){
            //addToDict(temp,dictonary,conn);
            //new Scraper(temp,dictonary,conn).run();
            Scraper obj=new Scraper(temp,dictonary,conn);
            threadPoolExecutor.submit(obj);

            //System.out.println((ammountOfFiles--)+" files left");
        }
    }

    public void shutDown() {
        this.threadPoolExecutor.shutdown();
    }
}

线程安全和同步我可以看到您已经在线程之间共享了 java.sql.Connection 实例。尽管 java.sql.Connection 是线程安全的，但这种用法会显着降低应用程序性能，因为 java.sql.Connection 通过同步实现线程安全。因此，一次只有一个线程能够使用该连接。为了克服这个问题，我们可以使用连接池概念。我可以建议的一个简单的实现是 Apache Commons dbcp