powershell - 如果 Get-Member 未列出哈希表 .Get_Item() 和 .Set_Item() 如何工作？

Question

我遇到了Powershell hash table article它使用了 .Get_Item() 和 .Set_Item()。

两个问题:

1) 允许 .Get_Item() 和 .Set_Item() 语法工作的机制是什么？

2) 可以运行什么 Powershell 命令(如果有)来“发现”Get-Member 未列出的额外属性和方法？

示例程序:

$h = @{}
$h | get-member
$h | get-member -static

$h.add("copper", 29)

$h["copper"]
$h.item("copper")
$h.get_item("copper")

输出显示 Item()，但既不显示 Get_Item() 也不显示 Set_Item():

   TypeName: System.Collections.Hashtable

Name              MemberType            Definition                                                            
----              ----------            ----------                                                            
Add               Method                System.Void Add(System.Object key, System.Object value)               
Clear             Method                System.Void Clear()                                                   
Clone             Method                System.Object Clone()                                                 
Contains          Method                bool Contains(System.Object key)                                      
ContainsKey       Method                bool ContainsKey(System.Object key)                                   
ContainsValue     Method                bool ContainsValue(System.Object value)                               
CopyTo            Method                System.Void CopyTo(array array, int arrayIndex)                       
Equals            Method                bool Equals(System.Object obj)                                        
GetEnumerator     Method                System.Collections.IDictionaryEnumerator GetEnumerator()              
GetHashCode       Method                int GetHashCode()                                                     
GetObjectData     Method                System.Void GetObjectData(System.Runtime.Serialization.Serializatio...
GetType           Method                type GetType()                                                        
OnDeserialization Method                System.Void OnDeserialization(System.Object sender)                   
Remove            Method                System.Void Remove(System.Object key)                                 
ToString          Method                string ToString()                                                     
Item              ParameterizedProperty System.Object Item(System.Object key) {get;set;}                      
Count             Property              System.Int32 Count {get;}                                             
IsFixedSize       Property              System.Boolean IsFixedSize {get;}                                     
IsReadOnly        Property              System.Boolean IsReadOnly {get;}                                      
IsSynchronized    Property              System.Boolean IsSynchronized {get;}                                  
Keys              Property              System.Collections.ICollection Keys {get;}                            
SyncRoot          Property              System.Object SyncRoot {get;}                                         
Values            Property              System.Collections.ICollection Values {get;}                          
    TypeName: System.Collections.Hashtable

Name            MemberType Definition                                                         
----            ---------- ----------                                                         
Equals          Method     static bool Equals(System.Object objA, System.Object objB)         
ReferenceEquals Method     static bool ReferenceEquals(System.Object objA, System.Object objB)
Synchronized    Method     static hashtable Synchronized(hashtable table)     
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Answer 1

如果不指定 get-member cmdlet 的 -force 参数，则不会显示任何对象的 get_ 和 set_ 方法 http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh849928.aspx :

-Force
Adds the intrinsic members (PSBase, PSAdapted, PSObject, PSTypeNames) and the compiler-generated get_ and set_ methods to the display. By default, Get-Member gets these properties in all views other than "Base" and "Adapted," but it does not display them