java - 长拉机器人 Telegram 因测试而失败

Question

所以，伙计们，我正在通过 Java、 Telegram Bot API 制作一个 Telegram 长轮询机器人。我做了一个整数来进行测试，在好的答案后做+1，而没有任何整数，而答案是错误的。

public void onUpdateReceived(Update update) {
    int i=0;

在更新接收的一开始。当用户开始测试时，他会看到带有第一个问题和 4 个答案的标记键盘

      else if (message_text.equals("test"))
        {
            SendMessage message = new SendMessage() // Create a message object object
                    .setChatId(chat_id)
                    .setText("Test");
            // Create ReplyKeyboardMarkup object
            ReplyKeyboardMarkup keyboardMarkup = new ReplyKeyboardMarkup();
            // Create the keyboard (list of keyboard rows)
            List<KeyboardRow> keyboard = new ArrayList<>();
            // Create a keyboard row
            KeyboardRow row = new KeyboardRow();
            // Set each button, you can also use KeyboardButton objects if you need something else than text
            row.add("1. М");
            row.add("2. end");

            // Add the first row to the keyboard
            keyboard.add(row);
            // Create another keyboard row
            row = new KeyboardRow();
            row.add("3. К");
            row.add("4. Т");
            keyboard.add(row);
            // Set the keyboard to the markup
            keyboardMarkup.setKeyboard(keyboard);
            // Add it to the message
            message.setReplyMarkup(keyboardMarkup);
            try
            {
                sendMessage(message); // Call method to send the photo
            }
            catch (TelegramApiException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();

            }
        }
        else if (message_text.equals("1. М"))
        {
            i=i+1;
            SendMessage message = new SendMessage() // Create a message object object
                    .setChatId(chat_id)
                    .setText("Test");
            ReplyKeyboardMarkup keyboardMarkup = new ReplyKeyboardMarkup();
            List<KeyboardRow> keyboard = new ArrayList<>();
            KeyboardRow row = new KeyboardRow();
            row.add("1. М");
            row.add("2. end");
            keyboard.add(row);
            row = new KeyboardRow();
            row.add("3. К");
            row.add("4. Т");
            keyboard.add(row);
            keyboardMarkup.setKeyboard(keyboard);
            message.setReplyMarkup(keyboardMarkup);
            try
            {
                sendMessage(message);
            }
            catch (TelegramApiException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();

            }
        }
        else if (message_text.equals("2. end"))
        {
            if (i == 1) {
                SendMessage message = new SendMessage()
                        .setChatId(chat_id)
                        .setText("roflan");

                try {
                    sendMessage(message);
                } catch (TelegramApiException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();

                }
            }
        }

如果我写“!=1”，在“2.end”之后它总是显示结果。无论用户回答第一个按钮多少次，i+1 都不起作用。我的逻辑哪里有问题？

Answer 1

让我们忘记 Telegram API，只是为了观察 int i 变量发生了什么。

每次调用 onUpdateReceived() 时，int i 都会在此方法内声明并使用值 0 进行初始化。

看起来像这样

public class Scope {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(getI());
        System.out.println(getI());
    }
    private static int getI() {
        int i = 0;
        i++;
        return i;
    }
}

输出将是

1
1

为了使您的程序按预期工作，您应该在 onUpdateReceived() 范围之外声明 int i。最明显的方法是创建静态变量。

public class Scope {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(getI());
        System.out.println(getI());
        System.out.println(getI());
        System.out.println(getI());
    }
    private static int i = 0;
    private static int getI() {
        i++;
        return i;
    }
}

输出将是

1
2
3
4

所以，现在您的代码应该如下所示

public class Bot extends TelegramLongPollingBot {

    private static int i = 0;

    public void onUpdateReceived() {
        /*...*/
        else if (update.hasMessage() && update.getMessage().hasText() && update.getMessage().getText().equals("1. M")) {
            i++;
        } else if (update.hasMessage() && update.getMessage().hasText() && update.getMessage().getText().equals("1. end")) {
            System.out.println(i);
        }
        /*...*/
    }

    public String getBotToken() {
        return "...";
    }

    public String getBotUsername() {
        return "...";
    }
}