Java 或 JavaC 不断提示找不到包或包不存在

Question

当我尝试在 Maven 项目中运行 Java 文件时遇到了障碍。我已经在运行 Java 类的地方进行了设置，该类在使用 run exec 运行 Maven 中的其余测试之前进行了一些设置。我可以在 IDE 工具(Eclipse)中正常运行程序，但是当我从 CMD 或 Git Bash 运行程序时，我不断收到错误，指出找不到 ClassDef 或包/导入不存在(即使它在 IDE 中运行良好)并在 Mvn 命令上测试类。我尝试使用 Javac - cp 。看看新的设置是否会消除错误，但我遇到了类似的错误。我四处寻找了几个不同的答案，他们要么不这样做无法解决问题或使我的项目处于更糟糕的状态。现在，我不确定问题的确切原因是什么，也不确定解决此问题的最佳解决方案。

这是我的问题的一个示例，我尝试编译连接到我想要运行的 Java 文件的 java 文件之一，该文件将运行 Maven:

 $ javac -d build/classes -sourcepath src -cp target/classes src/AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib/XMLMaker.java
src\AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib\XMLMaker.java:28: error: package io.appium.java_client does not exist
import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;
                            ^
src\AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib\XMLMaker.java:29: error: package io.appium.java_client does not exist
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
                            ^
src\AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib\XMLMaker.java:49: error: cannot find symbol
        public void setupDriverXMLFile(List <AppiumDriver<MobileElement>> driverList) {
                                             ^
  symbol:   class AppiumDriver
  location: class XMLMaker
src\AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib\XMLMaker.java:49: error: cannot find symbol
        public void setupDriverXMLFile(List <AppiumDriver<MobileElement>> driverList) {
                                                          ^
  symbol:   class MobileElement
  location: class XMLMaker
src\AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib\XMLMaker.java:67: error: cannot find symbol
                        for(AppiumDriver<MobileElement> driver: driverList) {
                            ^
  symbol:   class AppiumDriver
  location: class XMLMaker
src\AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib\XMLMaker.java:67: error: cannot find symbol
                        for(AppiumDriver<MobileElement> driver: driverList) {
                                         ^
  symbol:   class MobileElement
  location: class XMLMaker
6 errors

AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib 包中的 XMLMaker 文件:

import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;

public class XMLMaker {



    public DocumentBuilderFactory docDriverSetup;

    public DocumentBuilder driverSetup;

    public int connectedDevices = 0;

    public Document doc;


    TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();

    Transformer transformer;


    public void setupDriverXMLFile(List <AppiumDriver<MobileElement>> driverList) {

        System.out.println("List size: "+ driverList.size());
        try {

            docDriverSetup = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

            driverSetup = docDriverSetup.newDocumentBuilder();

            doc = driverSetup.newDocument();

            transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();

            transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd");

            Element suiteElement = doc.createElement("suite");
            suiteElement.setAttribute("name", "All-tests");

            for(AppiumDriver<MobileElement> driver: driverList) {

                Element rootElement = doc.createElement("test");
                suiteElement.appendChild(rootElement);
                rootElement.setAttribute("name", (String) driver.getCapabilities().getCapability("deviceId"));

                Element deviceNameEle = doc.createElement("parameter");
                deviceNameEle.setAttribute("name", "deviceName");
                deviceNameEle.setAttribute("value", (String) driver.getCapabilities().getCapability("deviceId"));
                rootElement.appendChild(deviceNameEle);

                Element platformEle = doc.createElement("parameter");
                platformEle.setAttribute("name", "platform");
                platformEle.setAttribute("value", driver.getPlatformName()+"");
                rootElement.appendChild(platformEle);

                Element udidEle = doc.createElement("parameter");
                udidEle.setAttribute("name", "udid");
                udidEle.setAttribute("value", (String)driver.getCapabilities().getCapability("udid"));
                rootElement.appendChild(udidEle);

                Element urlPort = doc.createElement("parameter");
                urlPort.setAttribute("name", "URL");
                urlPort.setAttribute("value", (String)driver.getCapabilities().getCapability("appiumURL"));
                rootElement.appendChild(urlPort);

                Element devicePort = doc.createElement("parameter");

                if((driver.getPlatformName()+"").
                        toLowerCase().contains("android")) {
                        devicePort.setAttribute("name", "port");
                        devicePort.setAttribute("value", driver.getCapabilities().getCapability("systemPort")+"");

                }
                if ((driver.getPlatformName()+"").
                        toLowerCase().contains("ios")) {
                        devicePort.setAttribute("name", "port");
                        devicePort.setAttribute("value", (String)driver.getCapabilities().getCapability("wdaLocalPort"));
                }

                rootElement.appendChild(devicePort);

                Element packages = doc.createElement("packages");
                rootElement.appendChild(packages);
                Element packageName = doc.createElement("package");
                packageName.setAttribute("name", "BaseTest");
                packages.appendChild(packageName);


                connectedDevices++;
            }   
            suiteElement.setAttribute("parallel", "tests");
            suiteElement.setAttribute("thread-count", connectedDevices+"");
            doc.appendChild(suiteElement);

        } catch(ParserConfigurationException pce) {
            pce.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 

    }


    public void createDriverFile() throws TransformerConfigurationException, InterruptedException, IOException {

        DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);

        FileOutputStream streamNewFile = new FileOutputStream("./drivers.xml");
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(streamNewFile);
        StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw);


        try {

            transformer.transform(source, result);
            result.getWriter().close();

            System.out.println("File Updated");



        } catch (TransformerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("Error updating the file");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("Unable to close output stream");
        }

    }

}

这是我尝试编译 Java 文件以开始测试时出现的问题:

$ javac -d build/classes -sourcepath src -cp target/classes src/BaseTest/DriverTest.java
src\BaseTest\DriverTest.java:29: error: cannot access AppiumDriver
                makeFile.setupDriverXMLFile(createDrivers.getActiveList());
                        ^
  class file for io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver not found
1 error

BaseTest 包中的 DriverTest:

import AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib.AppiumDriverSetup;
import AppiumDriverSetUp_Lib.XMLMaker;

public class DriverTest {

    public AppiumDriverSetup createDrivers = new AppiumDriverSetup();

    public XMLMaker makeFile = new XMLMaker();

    public static void main(String [] args) throws TransformerConfigurationException, IOException, InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("Setting up drivers:");

        DriverTest startTest = new DriverTest();
        startTest.driverFileSetup();
        startTest.runSuite();
    }

    public void driverFileSetup() throws IOException, TransformerConfigurationException, InterruptedException {
        createDrivers.makeList();
        makeFile.setupDriverXMLFile(createDrivers.getActiveList());
        makeFile.createDriverFile();
    }

    public void runSuite() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
        String cmd = "cmd /c mvn test -Dplat="+System.getProperty("plat");
        Process p = rt.exec(cmd);
        InputStream input = p.getInputStream();
        testFeed(input, System.out);
        p.waitFor();
    }

    public void testFeed(InputStream in, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
        while (true) {
            int c = in.read();
            if (c == -1) {
                break;
            }
            out.write((char)c);
        }
    }

}

在我的 XMLMaker 类中，它已经具有 AppiumDriver 和 MobileElement 的正确导入，作为我的 IDE 中的正确导入选项之一。如果我用 mvn 运行它就没有问题。我认为这个问题与我对该项目的依赖关系有关。有人经历过这样的案例吗？

Answer 1

听起来您在命令行中所做的任何事情都不完全包含构建它所需的类。在 Eclipse 中，您可能拥有对必要 JAR 文件的引用。

我的建议 - 如果您使用 Maven 来实现构建自动化(您应该这样做)，则应该完整地使用它，构建过程将自动为您完成所有这些工作。

在你的情况下，我想只要确保 javac 知道在哪里可以找到 XMLMaker 的 jar 文件，并且可以找到必要的依赖项。