java - 在测试主题类中调用时，Mockbean 不会抛出错误

Question

似乎返回 void 的模拟bean 在测试对象内部调用时不会抛出错误。我可以在外面调用它，但它会抛出错误。我的使用方式有问题吗？

//some imports ...
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes={ MessagingController.class })
public class MessagingControllerTest {
    @Autowired
    private MessagingController controller;

    @MockBean
    private RabbitMessagingTemplate rabbitMessagingTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testPublishMessageConversionException() {
        //given:
        Message message = new Message(null, null, null);

        //when:
        doThrow(MessageConversionException.class).when(rabbitMessagingTemplate).convertAndSend(any());
        ResponseEntity<?> response = controller.publish(message);
        // rabbitMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend() // this throws the error
        //then:
        assertThat(response).isNotNull();
        assertThat(response.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);

        verify(rabbitMessagingTemplate).convertAndSend(message.getExchange(), message.getRoutingKey(), message.getPayload());
    }

 ...

}

Answer 1

如果你只是想进行单元测试，为什么要使用整个 spring 上下文？在我看来，SpringRunner 对于集成和 e2e 测试非常有用，但对于单元测试，您应该坚持使用 MockitoJUnitRunner。像这样的东西应该有效:

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MessagingControllerTest {
    @Mock
    private RabbitMessagingTemplate rabbitMessagingTemplate;

    @InjectMocks
    private MessagingController controller;

    @Test
    public void testPublishMessageConversionException() {
        //given:
        Message message = mock(Message.class);

        //when:
        when(rabbitMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend(anyObject()).thenThrow(new MessageConversionException());
        try {
            ResponseEntity<?> response = controller.publish(message);
            fail();
        } catch (MessageConversionException mce) {
            //then:
            assertThat(response).isNotNull();
            assertThat(response.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);

            verify(rabbitMessagingTemplate, times(1)).convertAndSend(message.getExchange(), message.getRoutingKey(), message.getPayload());
        }
    }

 ...

}