尝试创建 Button 时抛出 JavaFX InitationTargetException

Question

我遇到了一些奇怪的行为。我正在尝试编写一个简单的 GUI 来帮助我与大学项目交互，因此我没有使用 fxml。到目前为止，JavaFX 一切正常 - 我可以创建场景、 Canvas 等。但是当我尝试创建按钮时，它会抛出错误。即使这是我唯一想做的事情，即:

public class SnakePlayback extends Application {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
}

@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
    Button button = new Button("text");
}
}

这是我收到的错误:

Exception in Application start method java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:464) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:363) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at java.base/sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(LauncherHelper.java:1051) Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:900) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$2(LauncherImpl.java:195) at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834) Caused by: java.lang.IllegalAccessError: superclass access check failed: class com.sun.javafx.scene.control.ControlHelper (in unnamed module @0x84d43ff) cannot access class com.sun.javafx.scene.layout.RegionHelper (in module javafx.graphics) because module javafx.graphics does not export com.sun.javafx.scene.layout to unnamed module @0x84d43ff at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1016) at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:174) at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:802) at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassOnClassPathOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:700) at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClassOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:623) at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581) at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178) at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521) at javafx.scene.control.Control.(Control.java:86) at GUI.SnakePlayback.start(SnakePlayback.java:30) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$9(LauncherImpl.java:846) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$12(PlatformImpl.java:455) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$10(PlatformImpl.java:428) at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$11(PlatformImpl.java:427) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:96) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method) at javafx.graphics/com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$runLoop$3(WinApplication.java:174) ... 1 more Exception running application GUI.SnakePlayback

我从中可以看出，这可能是与反射相关的错误。这不是我第一次在尝试创建按钮时看到这种情况!上次抛出异常只需声明一个按钮，即:

Button button;

但这一次，我真的需要使用按钮。

Answer 1

您得到这个是因为您使用的controlsfx(其中包含Button类)需要一个名为graphics的模块

....(in module javafx.graphics) because module javafx.graphics does not export com.sun.javafx.scene.layout to unnamed module

如果您使用的是 Java11，则需要将图形模块添加到 VM 选项中。

如果您使用的是 Java12，则需要删除 VM 选项才能使其正常工作。

查看这篇文章 Set Up JavaFx on IntelliJ