c++ - QPushButton在单击时未执行连接功能

Question

我有一个叫做UserInterface的类。在此类中，有不同的功能。 build_start_screen()为初始启动屏幕添加所有小部件(标签，按钮等)。 build_option_a_screen()从用户启动屏幕中删除所有内容，并在用户单击选项A的按钮时添加屏幕所需的所有小部件，依此类推。为了这个问题，该类被剥夺了。

现在，我在build_start_screen()中声明了一个按钮，并将其连接到简单的MessageBox.exec()，因此单击时应弹出该按钮。
但是，单击按钮后什么也没有发生。

我究竟做错了什么？与函数完成后变量的生存期有关吗？

#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QAbstractButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QFont>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QMessageBox>

//Class handling all the UI in this Application
class UserInterface {
    public:
        //Build the initial UI the user sees
        void build_start_screen(QWidget& window) {
            //Make new QVBoxLayout for this startscreen UI
            this->layout = new QVBoxLayout(&window);

            //Test messagebox
            QMessageBox msgBox;
            msgBox.setText("Button test.");

            //Button to go to Option A-screen
            QPushButton* showMsgBox = new QPushButton("Show pop-up");
            QAbstractButton::connect(showMsgBox, SIGNAL (clicked()), &window, SLOT (msgBox.exec()));

            //Add labels and button to QVBoxLayout
            layout->addWidget(showMsgBox);
        }

    private:
        //Properties
        QVBoxLayout* layout;
};

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    QApplication app (argc, argv);

    //Initialize Window
    QWidget Window;
    Window.resize(400, 250);     

    //Create new UserInterface object
    //This will allow us to create different user-interfaces
    //depending on the function we call
    UserInterface* ui = new UserInterface();
    ui->build_start_screen(Window);
    Window.show();

    return app.exec();
}

如果我想做同样的事情，但是我不想调用messageBox而是调用另一个函数怎么办？

#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QAbstractButton>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QFont>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QMessageBox>

//Class handling all the UI in this Application
class UserInterface {
    public:
        //Build the initial UI the user sees
        void build_start_screen(QWidget& window) {
            //Make new QVBoxLayout for this startscreen UI
            this->layout = new QVBoxLayout(&window);

            //Test messagebox
            QMessageBox msgBox;
            msgBox.setText("Button test.");

            //Button to go to Option A-screen
            QPushButton* showMsgBox = new QPushButton("Show pop-up");
            QAbstractButton::connect(showMsgBox, SIGNAL (clicked()), &window, SLOT (build_option_a_screen()));

            //Add labels and button to QVBoxLayout
            layout->addWidget(showMsgBox);
        }

        void build_option_a_screen(QWidget& window) {
            //Do stuff here with window
            //e.g
            window.resize(500, 500);
        }

    private:
        //Properties
        QVBoxLayout* layout;
};

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    QApplication app (argc, argv);

    //Initialize Window
    QWidget Window;
    Window.resize(400, 250);     

    //Create new UserInterface object
    //This will allow us to create different user-interfaces
    //depending on the function we call
    UserInterface* ui = new UserInterface();
    ui->build_start_screen(Window);
    Window.show();

    return app.exec();
}

Answer 1

您的代码有2个问题:

窗口“对象”没有错误所指出的插槽“msgBox.exec()”:

QObject::connect: No such slot QWidget::msgBox.exec() in ../main.cpp:23

更正以上内容，解决方法是:

QObject::connect(showMsgBox, &QPushButton::clicked, &msgBox, &QMessageBox::exec);

但是现在的问题是“msgBox”是一个本地变量，将被破坏并且无法显示。

因此解决方案是使msgBox成为类的成员或指针(对于指针，您必须管理动态内存以避免内存泄漏):

//Class handling all the UI in this Application
class UserInterface {
    public:
        //Build the initial UI the user sees
        void build_start_screen(QWidget& window) {
            //Make new QVBoxLayout for this startscreen UI
            this->layout = new QVBoxLayout(&window);
            msgBox.setText("Button test.");
            //Button to go to Option A-screen
            QPushButton* showMsgBox = new QPushButton("Show pop-up");
            QObject::connect(showMsgBox, &QPushButton::clicked, &msgBox, &QMessageBox::exec);

            //Add labels and button to QVBoxLayout
            layout->addWidget(showMsgBox);
        }

    private:
        //Properties
        QVBoxLayout* layout;
        QMessageBox msgBox;
};

加号:

建议不要使用旧的连接语法，因为它有局限性并隐藏了问题。

建议不要使用旧的连接语法，因为它有局限性并隐藏了问题。

如果要连接到不是QObject的某种方法(例如，要使用OP则为X)，则解决方案是使用lambda方法:

//Class handling all the UI in this Application
class UserInterface {
public:
    //Build the initial UI the user sees
    void build_start_screen(QWidget& window) {
        //Make new QVBoxLayout for this startscreen UI
        this->layout = new QVBoxLayout(&window);
        //Button to go to Option A-screen
        QPushButton* showMsgBox = new QPushButton("Show pop-up");
        QObject::connect(showMsgBox, &QPushButton::clicked, [this, &window](){
            build_option_a_screen(window);
        });
        //Add labels and button to QVBoxLayout
        layout->addWidget(showMsgBox);
    }
    void build_option_a_screen(QWidget& window) {
        //Do stuff here with window
        //e.g
        window.resize(500, 500);
    }
private:
    //Properties
    QVBoxLayout* layout;
};