python - 如何从预先训练的词嵌入数据集创建 Keras 嵌入层？

Question

如何将预先训练的词嵌入加载到 Keras Embedding 层中？

我下载了 glove.6B.50d.txt (来自 https://nlp.stanford.edu/projects/glove/ 的 glove.6B.zip 文件)，但我不确定如何将其添加到 Keras 嵌入层。请参阅:https://keras.io/layers/embeddings/

Answer 1

您需要将 embeddingMatrix 传递到 Embedding 层，如下所示:

嵌入(vocabLen，embDim，权重=[embeddingMatrix]，trainable=isTrainable)

• vocabLen:词汇表中的标记数量
• embDim:嵌入向量维度(示例中为 50)
• embeddingMatrix:根据 glove.6B.50d.txt 构建的嵌入矩阵
• isTrainable:您是否希望嵌入可训练或卡住图层

glove.6B.50d.txt 是一个空格分隔值的列表:单词标记 + (50) 个嵌入值。例如0.418 0.24968 -0.41242 ...

要从 Glove 文件创建 pretrainedEmbeddingLayer:

# Prepare Glove File
def readGloveFile(gloveFile):
    with open(gloveFile, 'r') as f:
        wordToGlove = {}  # map from a token (word) to a Glove embedding vector
        wordToIndex = {}  # map from a token to an index
        indexToWord = {}  # map from an index to a token 

        for line in f:
            record = line.strip().split()
            token = record[0] # take the token (word) from the text line
            wordToGlove[token] = np.array(record[1:], dtype=np.float64) # associate the Glove embedding vector to a that token (word)

        tokens = sorted(wordToGlove.keys())
        for idx, tok in enumerate(tokens):
            kerasIdx = idx + 1  # 0 is reserved for masking in Keras (see above)
            wordToIndex[tok] = kerasIdx # associate an index to a token (word)
            indexToWord[kerasIdx] = tok # associate a word to a token (word). Note: inverse of dictionary above

    return wordToIndex, indexToWord, wordToGlove

# Create Pretrained Keras Embedding Layer
def createPretrainedEmbeddingLayer(wordToGlove, wordToIndex, isTrainable):
    vocabLen = len(wordToIndex) + 1  # adding 1 to account for masking
    embDim = next(iter(wordToGlove.values())).shape[0]  # works with any glove dimensions (e.g. 50)

    embeddingMatrix = np.zeros((vocabLen, embDim))  # initialize with zeros
    for word, index in wordToIndex.items():
        embeddingMatrix[index, :] = wordToGlove[word] # create embedding: word index to Glove word embedding

    embeddingLayer = Embedding(vocabLen, embDim, weights=[embeddingMatrix], trainable=isTrainable)
    return embeddingLayer

# usage
wordToIndex, indexToWord, wordToGlove = readGloveFile("/path/to/glove.6B.50d.txt")
pretrainedEmbeddingLayer = createPretrainedEmbeddingLayer(wordToGlove, wordToIndex, False)
model = Sequential()
model.add(pretrainedEmbeddingLayer)
...