java - 我定制的 Stack 类总是抛出 StackIsUnderflowing 异常 : Why?

Question

我有一个定制的 Stack 类，它不操作数组，但 ArrayList<String> .

我的 Stack 类有入栈、出栈和大小方法。

我通过 index 实例变量跟踪索引。

我创建了一个数组来保存三个元素。

这三个元素被压入栈中。最后，最后一个元素弹出并打印在控制台上。

我总是遇到自定义 StackIsUnderflowing() 异常。

谁能告诉我错误在哪里吗？

import java.util.ArrayList;


class StackIsUnderflowing extends Exception {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1 L;

    public StackIsUnderflowing() {
        super("Stack Underflowing");
    }
}

//main Stack class
public class Stack {
    private int index;
    //List of String literals
    private ArrayList < String > aStackArr = new ArrayList < String > ();
    private static int ZERO = 0;

    //constructor
    public Stack() {

        this.index = -1;
    }

    //return the size
    public int size() {
        return aStackArr.size();
    }

    //push value on to Stack add value to List of String input variable
    public void push(String anInt) {
        index = aStackArr.size() - 1;

        aStackArr.add(anInt);

        System.out.println(index + aStackArr.get(index));

    }

    //pop values from input variable
    public String pop() {

        try {
            if (index < Stack.ZERO) {
                throw new StackIsUnderflowing();
            } else {
                String result = aStackArr.remove(index);

                index = aStackArr.size() - 1;
                return result;
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            System.exit(-1);
            return "-1";
        }
    }

    //peek into LIFO top input literal

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Stack aStack = new Stack();
        String[] names = new String[3];
        names[0] = "ll";
        names[1] = "cc";
        names[2] = "dd";
        String tmp;

        for (int i = 0; i < aStack.size(); ++i) {
            System.out.println(names[i]);
            aStack.push(names[i]);


        }
        tmp = aStack.pop();

        System.out.println(tmp);
    }
}

Answer 1

问题在于您在 aStackArr.add(anInt); 之前分配了 index = aStackArr.size() - 1;。方法 push(String anInt) 应该是这样的:

//push value on to Stack add value to List of String input variable
    public void push(String anInt)
    {
        aStackArr.add(anInt);
        index = aStackArr.size() - 1;
        System.out.println(index + aStackArr.get(index));
    }

此外，添加推送字符串的代码存在问题，循环位于 aStack.size() 而不是 names.length

这是完整的代码(已格式化)

import java.util.ArrayList;

class StackIsUnderflowing extends Exception
{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public StackIsUnderflowing()
    {
        super("Stack Underflowing");
    }
}

//main Stack class
public class Stack
{
    private int index;
    //List of String literals
    private ArrayList<String> aStackArr = new ArrayList<String>();
    private static int ZERO = 0;

    //constructor
    public Stack()
    {
        this.index = -1;
    }

    //return the size
    public int size()
    {
        return aStackArr.size();
    }

    //push value on to Stack add value to List of String input variable
    public void push(String anInt)
    {
        aStackArr.add(anInt);
        index = aStackArr.size() - 1;
        System.out.println(index + aStackArr.get(index));
    }

    //pop values from input variable
    public String pop()
    {
        try
        {
            if (index < Stack.ZERO)
            {
                throw new StackIsUnderflowing();
            }
            else
            {
                String result = aStackArr.remove(index);
                index = aStackArr.size() - 1;
                return result;
            }

        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(-1);
            return "-1";
        }
    }

    //peek into LIFO top input literal

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Stack aStack = new Stack();
        String[] names = new String[3];
        names[0] = "ll";
        names[1] = "cc";
        names[2] = "dd";
        String tmp;

        for (int i = 0; i < names.length; ++i)
        {
            System.out.println(names[i]);
            aStack.push(names[i]);
        }
        tmp = aStack.pop();
        System.out.println(tmp);
    }
}