java - 如何使用 Spring Boot 发送异步电子邮件

Question

我正在使用 Spring Boot 1.5。我试图在用户创建警报时发送异步邮件，但它不起作用，即使我在调试但徒劳无功，它也不会显示任何错误，所以这就是我获得的内容。我的问题是如何测试我的邮件实现是否正确，因为我没有任何 Controller 。请帮忙。谢谢您的建议

Answer 1

您可以通过在邮件发送方法上使用@Async注释轻松发送异步电子邮件。要在 Spring Boot 应用程序中启用异步支持，请使用 @EnableAsync ，如下所示:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class SpringTestAppApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringTestAppApplication.class, args);
    }
}

创建一个 MailSender 服务并使用 @Async 注释邮件发送方法，如下所示:

@Service
public class MailSenderService {

    @Async
    public void sendMail(....) {
       // your code
    }
}

在您的服务中 Autowiring 上述服务，然后调用 sendMessage 方法，例如:

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private MailSenderService mailSenderService;

    User exampleMethod() {
        ..
        ..
        mailSenderService.sendMail(...);
    }
}

您可以查看此链接以获取更多信息:https://www.baeldung.com/spring-async

更新:如果你想使用java邮件api。那么你可以引用下面的代码:

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MailService {
    @Autowired
    EnvConfiguration envConfiguration;

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailService.class);

    @Async
    public void sendMail(String to, String subject, String htmlText, String fileName) {

        Properties props = System.getProperties();
        props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtps");
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", envConfiguration.getSMTPPort());
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", envConfiguration.smtpAuthorized());
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", envConfiguration.isStarTlsEnabled());
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.required", envConfiguration.isStarTlsRequired());

        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);
        Transport transport = null;
        try {
            MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
            msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(envConfiguration.getEmailFrom().replaceAll("\"", "")));
            msg.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
            msg.setSubject(subject);
            MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            messageBodyPart.setContent(htmlText, "text/html");
            transport = session.getTransport();
            transport.connect(envConfiguration.getEmailHost(), envConfiguration.getEmailUserName(),
                    envConfiguration.getEmailPassword());
            transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
            LOGGER.info("Mail send successfully");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Unable to send email trace" + e);
        } finally {
            try {
                transport.close();
            } catch (MessagingException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}