regex - (s)printf FORMAT 字符串的权威正则表达式

Question

我想回答this question与

要获得 Perl 的所有精美格式和对哈希数据的键控访问，您需要一个(更好的版本)功能:

# sprintfx(FORMAT, HASHREF) - like sprintf(FORMAT, LIST) but accepts
# "%<key>$<tail>" instead of "%<index>$<tail>" in FORMAT to access the
# values of HASHREF according to <key>. Fancy formatting is done by
# passing '%<tail>', <corresponding value> to sprintf.
sub sprintfx {
  my ($f, $rh) = @_;
  $f =~ s/
     (%%)               # $1: '%%' for '%'
     |                  # OR
     %                  # start format
     (\w+)              # $2: a key to access the HASHREF
     \$                 # end key/index
     (                  # $3: a valid FORMAT tail
                        #   'everything' upto the type letter
        [^BDEFGOUXbcdefginosux]*
                        #   the type letter ('p' removed; no 'next' pos for storage)
         [BDEFGOUXbcdefginosux]
     )
    /$1 ? '%'                           # got '%%', replace with '%'
        : sprintf( '%' . $3, $rh->{$2}) # else, apply sprintf
    /xge;
  return $f;
}

但我对捕获格式字符串“尾部”的冒险/暴力方法感到羞愧。

那么:是否存在您可以信任的 FORMAT 字符串的正则表达式？

Answer 1

可接受的格式在perldoc -f sprintf中有很好的规定。 。在 '%' 和格式字母之间，您可以有:

     (\d+\$)?         # format parameter index (though this is probably
                      # incompatible with the dictionary feature)

     [ +0#-]*         # flags

     (\*?v)?          # vector flag

     \d*              # minimum width

     (\.\d+|\.\*)?    # precision or maximum width

     (ll|[lhqL])?     # size