java - 测试 Spring Boot 存储库时不会引发预期的异常

Question

我想在对业务对象 Product 执行 CRUD 操作时检查一些验证:

产品类:

@Getter
@Setter
@Entity
@Table(name = "PRODUCT")
public class Product extends AbstractEntity<Long> {

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String name;

    private String description;

    @Column(nullable = false)
    @Min(value = 0)
    private Float cost;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "product", fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @Fetch(value = FetchMode.SELECT)
    private Set<ProductRating> productRatings;

}

当我运行 Spring Boot 应用程序时，在添加没有强制性 name 的 Product 时出现了所需的异常 (java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException) :

@SpringBootApplication
public class QlturkaApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private ProductRepository productRepository;

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Autowired
    private ProductRatingRepository productRatingRepository;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(QlturkaApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {

        Product p = new Product();
        productRepository.save(p);

    }
}

但是当我运行测试时，没有name的Product被保存在数据库中，被持久化并且具有唯一的ID，没有抛出异常，为什么？

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = WebSecurityConfig.class)
public class ProductRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private ProductRepository productRepository;


    @Test(expected = SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException.class)
    public void nullProductNameThrowsError() {
        //java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: Column 'cost' cannot be null
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setName(null);
        productRepository.save(product);
        System.out.println(product.getId());

    }

    public void afterTest(Product p) {
        productRepository.delete(p);
    }

}

Answer 1

因为data jpa tests默认情况下，每次测试结束时都会回滚，并且您永远不会在测试中明确刷新。因此，不会进行任何刷新，因此表中不会插入任何内容，因此数据库无法告诉您忘记插入名称。

保存后在测试中调用 flush()(或调用 saveAndFlush())。