java - Spring Cloud Eureka - 如何模拟 RestTemplate 以避免请求第二个服务

Question

我正在尝试为我的一个微服务编写集成测试，在将对象保存到数据库中之前，调用另一个微服务以执行一些验证。

由于第二个微服务未运行，我想模拟对外部服务的请求，但测试失败并出现错误:

Condition failed with Exception:

mockServer.verify()
|          |
|          java.lang.AssertionError: Further request(s) expected leaving 1 unsatisfied expectation(s).
|          0 request(s) executed.
|           
|           at org.springframework.test.web.client.AbstractRequestExpectationManager.verify(AbstractRequestExpectationManager.java:159)
|           at org.springframework.test.web.client.MockRestServiceServer.verify(MockRestServiceServer.java:116)

下面是测试逻辑:

@SpringBootTest(classes = PropertyApplication.class,
        webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT,
        properties = ["eureka.client.enabled:false"])
class TestPropertyListingServiceDemo extends IntegrationTestsSetup {
@Autowired
private PropertyListingService listingService
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate

private static MockRestServiceServer mockServer


def setup() {
    mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.createServer(restTemplate)
}


def "test: save listing for in-existent User"() {

    setup: "building listing with invalid user id"
    def listing = generatePropertyListing()

    mockServer.expect(once(), requestTo("http://user-service/rest/users/exists/trackingId=" + listing.getUserTID()))
            .andExpect(method(GET))
            .andRespond(withStatus(NOT_FOUND).body("No such user."))


    when: "saving listing"
    listingService.save(listing)

    then: "exception is thrown"
    mockServer.verify() // <------------- here I am getting the error

    BizItemBusinessValidationException e = thrown()
    e.getMessage() == "Listing could not be saved. User not found."
}

}

我正在使用我试图模拟的请求来测试服务:

@Service
public class PropertyListingService {
private BizItemService itemService;
private PropertyService propertyService;
private RestTemplate restTemplate;

public PropertyListingService(BizItemService itemService,PropertyService propertyService, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
    this.propertyService = propertyService;
    this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    this.itemService=itemService;
}


public PropertyListing save(PropertyListing listing) {

    if (listing == null) {
        throw new BizItemBusinessValidationException("Listing could not be saved. Invalid Listing.");
    }

    if (propertyService.findByTrackingId(listing.getPropertyTID()) == null) {
        throw new BizItemBusinessValidationException("Listing could not be saved. Property not found.");
    }

    if (userExists(listing.getUserTID())) {
        throw new BizItemBusinessValidationException("Listing Could not be saved. User not found, UserTID = " + listing.getUserTID());
    }

    return (PropertyListing) itemService.save(listing);
}


/**------------------------------------------------------------
 * THIS IS THE CALL TO EXTERNAL SERVICE I AM TRYING TO MOCK
 * ------------------------------------------------------------
 */

private boolean userExists(String userTID) {
    URI uri = URI.create("http://user-service/rest/users/exists/trackingId=" + userTID);
    ResponseEntity response = (ResponseEntity) restTemplate.getForObject(uri, Object.class);

    return response != null && response.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.OK;
}

}

RestTemplate 配置:

@Configuration
public class BeanConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

如有任何建议，我们将不胜感激。谢谢!

Answer 1

正如 @spencergibb 正确建议的那样，您可以模拟您的restTemplate作为测试配置的一部分。

第二个选项，您可以尝试使用 MockRestServiceServer。

检查下面的链接。看看它是否对您的情况有帮助。

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-mock-rest-template