java - 为什么使用 JUnit 5 运行此 Spring Data JPA Repository 测试会导致 ParameterResolutionException？

Question

我知道 JUnit 5 在底层引入了重大更改，但这不是应该自动配置的吗？

构建.gradle:

plugins {
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.2.2.RELEASE'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.8.RELEASE'
    id 'java'
}
group = 'com.example'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
    compile 'org.imgscalr:imgscalr-lib:4.2'
    runtimeOnly 'com.h2database:h2'
    testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') {
        exclude group: 'org.junit.vintage', module: 'junit-vintage-engine'
    }
}
test {
    useJUnitPlatform()
}

存储库，位于 src/main/java/com/example/repositories:

import org.adventure.entities.Classified;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface ClassifiedRepository extends CrudRepository<Classified, Long> {}

测试，位于 src/test/java/com/example/repositories:

import org.adventure.entities.Classified;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.TestEntityManager;

import java.util.Optional;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

@DataJpaTest
public class ClassifiedRepositoryTest {

    private TestEntityManager entityManager;
    private ClassifiedRepository classifiedRepository;

    public ClassifiedRepositoryTest(TestEntityManager entityManager, ClassifiedRepository classifiedRepository) {
        this.entityManager = entityManager;
        this.classifiedRepository = classifiedRepository;
    }

    @Test
    public void classifiedCanBeFoundById() {
        // GIVEN
        Classified classified = new Classified("Cheap bike",
                "Worn bike, used on a hobby level. Needs oiling", 300, "EUR");
        entityManager.persist(classified);
        entityManager.flush();

        // WHEN
        Optional<Classified> found = classifiedRepository.findById(classified.getId());

        // THEN
        assertTrue(found.isPresent());
    }
}

结果:此处发帖时间太长，请参阅here

Answer 1

github 上对这个问题进行了长时间的讨论( https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/22286 )。您有三个选择:

• 在构造函数中添加注释@Autowired。默认情况下，Spring 不会在测试类的构造函数中进行依赖注入(inject)。不得不提一下。

    @Autowired
    public ClassifiedRepositoryTest(TestEntityManager entityManager, ClassifiedRepository classifiedRepository) {
        this.entityManager = entityManager;
        this.classifiedRepository = classifiedRepository;
    }

• 如 github 上所述:在测试类顶部添加 @TestConstructor(autowireMode = TestConstructor.AutowireMode.ALL)。

    @TestConstructor(autowireMode = TestConstructor.AutowireMode.ALL)
    @DataJpaTest
    public class ClassifiedRepositoryTest { ... }

• 删除构造函数并使用 @Autowired 注解字段。

@Autowired
private TestEntityManager entityManager;
@Autowired
private ClassifiedRepository classifiedRepository;