java - 当 DataProvider 上的并行设置为 true 时，并行执行测试会引发异常 - TestNG

Question

当 DataProvider 上的 parallel=true 时，并行执行测试会引发以下异常。两个浏览器实例将打开并在单独的线程上运行，但只有一个浏览器实例会成功执行，而另一个浏览器实例会陷入尝试查找元素并引发异常的情况。请问，当 dataprovider 中的parallel=true 时，如何使测试成功执行。我缺少一些东西，可能是 BasePage 中的 WebDriver 实例。请帮忙。谢谢。

[PoolService-1] 15:44:06,447 INFO  [Default test] Close driver
PASSED: loginTest("unresticteduser@gmail.com", "123456")
FAILED: loginTest("resticteduser@gmail.com", "123456")

WARNING: WebDriverException thrown by findElement(By.xpath: //button[contains(text(), 'NO THANKS')])
org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to 
localhost:8478 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect

当 dataprovider 上的parallel=false 时，测试将在数据输入到测试并成功执行时一次打开一个浏览器实例。

PASSED: loginTest("unresticteduser@gmail.com", "123456")
PASSED: loginTest("resticteduser@gmail.com", "123456")

这是我编写的代码:

1) 浏览器工厂

public class BrowserDriverFactory {

private ThreadLocal<WebDriver> driver = new ThreadLocal<WebDriver>();
private String browser;
private Logger log;

public BrowserDriverFactory(String browser, Logger log) {
    this.browser = browser.toLowerCase();
    this.log = log;
}

public WebDriver createDriver() {
    // Create driver
    log.info("Create driver: " + browser);

    if(browser.equals("chrome")) {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/main/resources/chromedriver.exe");
        driver.set(new ChromeDriver());
    }
    else if(browser.equals("firefox")) {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "src/main/resources/geckodriver.exe");
        driver.set(new FirefoxDriver());
    }
    else {
        System.out.println("Do not know how to start: " + browser + ", starting chrome.");
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/main/resources/chromedriver.exe");
        driver.set(new ChromeDriver());
    }

    return driver.get();
 }

}

2)基础测试

public class BaseTest {

protected WebDriver driver;
public WebDriverWait wait;
protected Logger log;
protected FirefoxProfile profile;
protected String url = "http://www.qaclickacademy.com/";

protected String testSuiteName;
protected String testName;
protected String testMethodName;

@BeforeMethod(alwaysRun = false)
public void setUp(Method method, ITestContext ctx) {
    String testName = ctx.getCurrentXmlTest().getName();
    log = LogManager.getLogger(testName);

    BrowserDriverFactory factory = new BrowserDriverFactory(config.getBrowser(), log);
    driver = factory.createDriver();
    driver.get(url);

    profile=new FirefoxProfile();
    // Set preferences for file type 
    profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile", "application/octet-stream");

    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);

    this.testSuiteName = ctx.getSuite().getName();
    this.testName = testName;
    this.testMethodName = method.getName();
}

    @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)
    public void tearDown(ITestResult result) {

        if(result.getStatus()==ITestResult.FAILURE) {
        //capture screenshot
        }

        log.info("Close driver");
        // Close browser
        driver.quit();
    }
}

3)数据提供者

 @DataProvider(name="SearchProvider", parallel=true)
    public Object[][] getDataFromDataprovider(){
    return new Object[][] 
        {
            { "unresticteduser@gmail.com", "123456" },
            { "resticteduser@gmail.com", "123456" }
        };

    }

4)基本页面

 public class BasePage { 
    protected WebDriver driver;
    public WebDriverWait wait;
    protected Logger log;

    public BasePage(WebDriver driver, Logger log) {
        this.driver = driver;
        this.log = log;
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);
    }

    protected void sleep(long millis) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(millis);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    }

     protected void clickStallElement(By locator) {

     try {
        waitForVisibilityOf(locator, 30);
        findElement(locator).click();
     }
     catch(org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException ex)
     {
        waitForVisibilityOf(locator, 30);
        findElement(locator).click();
      }
    }


    /** Open page with given URL */
    protected void openUrl(String url) {
        driver.get(url);
    }

    /** Find element using given locator */
    protected WebElement findElement(By locator) {
        return driver.findElement(locator);
    }

    /** Find all elements using given locator */
    protected List<WebElement> findAllElements(By locator) {
        return driver.findElements(locator);
    }

    /** Click on element with given locator when its visible */
    protected void click(By locator) {
        waitForVisibilityOf(locator, 30);
        findElement(locator).click();
        log.info("Clicked WebElement");
    }

    ...

}

5) 基础测试

public class SignInPageTest extends BaseTest {


    @Test(dataProvider = "SearchProvider", dataProviderClass = DBDataProvider.class)
    public void loginTest(String username, String password) {

        System.err.println("Running Test=> " + this + " -> on thread [" + Thread.currentThread().getId() + "]");

        log.info("Starting LogInTest #  for " + username);

        ClickAcadamyLandingPage home = new ClickAcadamyLandingPage(driver, log);
        home.openPage();

        home.closeNewsLetterPopup();

        // click login
        ClickAcadamyLoginPage loginPage = new ClickAcadamyLoginPage(driver, log);
        loginPage = home.clickLoginBtn();

        loginPage.enterEmailAddress(username);

        loginPage.enterPassword(password);

        ClickAcadamyDashboard dashboard = loginPage.clickLogin();
        dashboard.clickLogout();

    }


 }

6)testng.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Suite" data-provider-thread-count = "2" thread-count="2" verbose="1" parallel="tests">

   <listeners>
     <listener class-name="com.paralleltest.basetest.TestListener"/>
   </listeners>

   <test name="loginTest">
    <classes>
      <class name="com.paralleltest.SignInPageTest"/>  
    </classes>
   </test> 

 </suite> 

Answer 1

问题出在你的测试代码上。当您并行运行测试并由数据提供程序提供支持时，您的 Webdriver 实例将在测试方法之间共享。

这是 BaseTest 和 BrowserDriverFactory 的修复版本，包含线程安全性。

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import org.testng.ITestContext;
import org.testng.ITestResult;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

public class BaseTest {
  private static final ThreadLocal<WebDriver> drivers = new ThreadLocal<>();
  public WebDriverWait wait;
  protected FirefoxProfile profile;
  protected String url = "http://www.qaclickacademy.com/";

  protected String testSuiteName;
  protected String testName;
  protected String testMethodName;

  public WebDriver getDriver() {
    return drivers.get();
  }

  @BeforeMethod()
  public void setUp(Method method, ITestContext ctx) {
    String testName = ctx.getCurrentXmlTest().getName();

    WebDriver driver = BrowserDriverFactory.createDriver("firefox");
    drivers.set(driver);
    driver.get(url);

    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);

    this.testSuiteName = ctx.getSuite().getName();
    this.testName = testName;
    this.testMethodName = method.getName();
  }

  @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)
  public void tearDown(ITestResult result) {
    getDriver().quit();
    drivers.remove();
  }
}

BrowserDriverFactory.java

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;

public class BrowserDriverFactory {

  public static WebDriver createDriver(String browser) {
    System.err.println("Create driver: " + browser);

    if (browser.equals("chrome")) {
      System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/main/resources/chromedriver.exe");
      return new ChromeDriver();
    } else if (browser.equals("firefox")) {
      System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "src/main/resources/geckodriver.exe");
      FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
      FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
      profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile", "application/octet-stream");
      options.setProfile(profile);
      return new FirefoxDriver(options);
    }
    System.out.println("Do not know how to start: " + browser + ", starting chrome.");
    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/main/resources/chromedriver.exe");
    return new ChromeDriver();
  }
}

现在，在扩展 BaseTest 的测试类的所有测试方法中，每当您需要访问驱动程序对象时，您都可以通过调用 getDriver() 方法来获取它。

您可以在我的博客中找到完整的解释和更多相关解释:https://rationaleemotions.com/parallel_webdriver_executions_using_testng/

我还创建了一个库，它可以抽象出 webdriver 生命周期管理，并通过自定义注释使您的管理变得更加简单。

看看https://github.com/rationaleEmotions/autospawn