django - 为什么 Debug模式下的 app/admin false 给我服务器错误 500

Question

我将服务器 settings.py 从 Debug = True 更改为 Debug = False。

我可以从其他应用程序网址获取 httpResponses，但我无法专门访问/admin 网址，我收到服务器错误 (500)

我尝试更改 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['my-app-name.herokuapp.com','*'] 正如此问题的其他主题所述，但这对我的工作没有帮助案例。

(仅为这个问题添加“*”并表明我尝试过但它不能解决问题)

<小时/>

编辑1(添加设置):

设置.py

"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.10.3.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import dj_database_url


# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
PROJECT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ADMINS = [('admin', 'adminsomthingsomewhere@gmail.com')]
MANAGERS = ADMINS
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['mysitename.herokuapp.com', 'localhost', '127.0.0.1','*']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'Myappname.apps.MyAppNameConfig',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'whitenoise.runserver_nostatic',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.admindocs',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'Mysiteproj.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'Mysiteproj.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases
# Update database configuration with $DATABASE_URL.

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}
db_from_env = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=500)
DATABASES['default'].update(db_from_env)


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/static-files/

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
# Simplified static file serving.
# https://warehouse.python.org/project/whitenoise/

STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.django.GzipManifestStaticFilesStorage'

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

编辑2(添加日志):

我在创建日志文件时遇到问题。现在我设法配置它，这是我尝试访问管理站点时的日志跟踪。

Internal Server Error: /admin/login/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 39, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 217, in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 215, in _get_response
    response = response.render()
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\response.py", line 109, in render
    self.content = self.rendered_content
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\response.py", line 86, in rendered_content
    content = template.render(context, self._request)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\backends\django.py", line 66, in render
    return self.template.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 208, in render
    return self._render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 199, in _render
    return self.nodelist.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 994, in render
    bit = node.render_annotated(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 961, in render_annotated
    return self.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py", line 174, in render
    return compiled_parent._render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 199, in _render
    return self.nodelist.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 994, in render
    bit = node.render_annotated(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 961, in render_annotated
    return self.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py", line 174, in render
    return compiled_parent._render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 199, in _render
    return self.nodelist.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 994, in render
    bit = node.render_annotated(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 961, in render_annotated
    return self.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py", line 70, in render
    result = block.nodelist.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 994, in render
    bit = node.render_annotated(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 961, in render_annotated
    return self.render(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\templatetags\static.py", line 104, in render
    url = self.url(context)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\templatetags\static.py", line 101, in url
    return self.handle_simple(path)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\templatetags\static.py", line 114, in handle_simple
    return staticfiles_storage.url(path)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\storage.py", line 132, in url
    hashed_name = self.stored_name(clean_name)
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\storage.py", line 292, in stored_name
    cache_name = self.clean_name(self.hashed_name(name))
  File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\staticfiles\storage.py", line 95, in hashed_name
    (clean_name, self))
ValueError: The file 'admin/css/base.css' could not be found with <whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage object at 0x0465BAF0>.
"GET /admin/login/?next=/admin/ HTTP/1.1" 500 27

为什么它会阻止我？我该如何修复它？谢谢。

Answer 1

当我查看您的日志时，我提出了一个可能是您的问题的建议。

加载管理页面时，Django 使用它自己的静态文件，以便通过正确的 HTML/JS/CSS 向您显示您所看到的模型管理页面的网站。

所有这些文件都来自 Django 库。当你说你没有调试你的服务器(DEBUG=FALSE)时，Django想要加载项目运行环境的所有 Assets (HTML，JS，CSS文件)而不是库本身。他这样做是因为他取决于开发人员调用collectstatic命令，该命令需要正确且有效的静态文件配置。

<小时/>

顺便说一句，当我说正确的配置时，我指的是存在的目录和路径。

<小时/>

更重要的是，如果您加载静态文件(如 jQuery、Bootstrap 等文件...)的配置错误，您将无法加载它们...

通过配置和其他评论，我看到您正在使用 Heroku。Heroku 默认情况下会自动为你调用 collectstatic 命令，当然，当他需要收集所有静态文件时(包括 ADMIN 文件......)引用链接 - Heroku - Django and Static Assets

到目前为止我们知道的事情很少:

• 静态文件配置不仅适用于我们的文件，也适用于管理页面
• 当您在 Heroku 上构建 Django 应用程序时，您会自动执行collectstatic，但如果配置无效，它将无法正常工作。
• 在您发布的日志中，我发现您无法访问管理页面的 css 文件，因此对于我所描述的内容来说，这是一个红灯。

我非常猜测您的静态文件配置是错误的，并且您从未在计算机上本地调用或检查过collectstatic命令。这意味着您正在开发一个可以访问管理页面来监视数据库的 REST api 服务器...当您以这种方式使用 Django 而不是用于开发网站时，通常会发生这种情况。

我并不是暗示使用 Django 开发 REST api 是错误的，我只是想让一切变得清晰

尝试使用此代码片段进行静态文件配置:

PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(_file_))

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'static'),
)

我希望这个答案对您有用，请告诉我是否有效。