salt - 'salt' 在字符串到键 (s2k) 说明符中指什么？

Question

“salt”在字符串到键 (s2k) 说明符中指什么？

它似乎是一个随机数生成器，可以改变事物，但我想知道“盐”代表什么？

例如这样写:

3.6.1.2. Salted S2K

   This includes a "salt" value in the S2K specifier -- some arbitrary
   data -- that gets hashed along with the passphrase string, to help
   prevent dictionary attacks.

       Octet 0:        0x01
       Octet 1:        hash algorithm
       Octets 2-9:     8-octet salt value

   Salted S2K is exactly like Simple S2K, except that the input to the
   hash function(s) consists of the 8 octets of salt from the S2K
   specifier, followed by the passphrase.

但是盐没有定义，尽管它的含义似乎很清楚。

Answer 1

来自Wikipedia :

In cryptography, a salt comprises of random bits that are used as one of the inputs to a key derivation function. The other input is usually a password or passphrase. The output of the key derivation function is stored as the encrypted version of the password.

盐只是一些用于提高系统安全性的位。它们有助于预防pre-computed dictionary attacks .