delphi - 如何销毁/释放和匿名线程

Question

在 Windows 上，要停止并销毁匿名线程，我只需执行 FmyTask.free => ，它将调用 destroy => 并且在销毁内部将设置 < strong>terminate = true并调用waitfor等待任务完成=>最后清理使用的内存

但是在 ARC 上，一切都不同了:(我使用这个代码:

TMyObject
private
  FMyTask: TThread;
public
  destructor Destroy; override;
  procedure DoSomething; 
end;

destructor TMyObject.Destroy;
begin
  FMyTask.free;  // << will do nothing because FMyTask.refcount = 2 !! how it's possible ?
  FMyTask:= nil;
  inherited;
end;

procedure TMyObject.DoSomething;
begin

  FMyTask:= Thread.CreateAnonymousThread(
    procedure
    begin
      sleep(10000000);
    end);
  FMyTask.FreeOnTerminate := False;
  FMyTask.Start;

end;

我什么也不做

MyObject := TmyObject.create;
MyObject.DoSomething;
MyObject.free;
MyObject := nil;

但是正如你所看到的，在 TmyObject 的 onDestroy 中，FMyTask 的引用计数为 2!所以这意味着 FMyTask 不会被 TmyObject 破坏(引用计数将减少到 1)(但稍后)，您可以想象可能导致的所有错误:(

很显然，对 fMyTask 的引用保留在该函数内:

function ThreadProc(const Thread: TThread): Integer;
var
  FreeThread: Boolean;
{$IFDEF MACOS}
  pool: Pointer;
{$ENDIF MACOS}
begin
{$IFDEF AUTOREFCOUNT}
  Thread.__ObjAddRef; // this ensures the instance remains for as long as the thread is running
{$ENDIF}
  TThread.FCurrentThread := Thread;
{$IF Defined(POSIX)}
  if Thread.FSuspended then
    pthread_mutex_lock(Thread.FCreateSuspendedMutex);
{$ENDIF POSIX}
{$IFDEF MACOS}
  // Register the auto release pool
  pool := objc_msgSend(objc_msgSend(objc_getClass('NSAutoreleasePool'),
                                    sel_getUid('alloc')), sel_getUid('init'));
{$ENDIF MACOS}
  try
    Thread.FStarted := True;
    if not Thread.Terminated then
    try
      Thread.Execute;
    except
      Thread.FFatalException := AcquireExceptionObject;
    end;
  finally
    Result := Thread.FReturnValue;
    FreeThread := Thread.FFreeOnTerminate;
    Thread.DoTerminate;
    Thread.FFinished := True;
    SignalSyncEvent;
    if FreeThread then
    begin
      Thread.DisposeOf;
{$IFDEF AUTOREFCOUNT}
      Thread.__ObjRelease; // This will clear the thread reference that was added by setting FreeOnTerminate.
{$ENDIF}
    end;
{$IFDEF AUTOREFCOUNT}
    Thread.__ObjRelease; // This will clear the thread reference we added above. This may initiate disposal.
{$ENDIF}
{$IFDEF USE_LIBICU}
    // Destroy Collator Cache
    ClearCollatorCache;
{$ENDIF}
{$IF Defined(MSWINDOWS)}
    EndThread(Result);
{$ELSEIF Defined(POSIX)}
{$IFDEF MACOS}
    // Last thing to do in thread is to drain the pool
    objc_msgSend(pool, sel_getUid('drain'));
{$ENDIF MACOS}
{$IFDEF ANDROID}
    // Detach the NativeActivity virtual machine to ensure the proper relase of JNI context attached to the current thread
    PJavaVM(System.JavaMachine)^.DetachCurrentThread(PJavaVM(System.JavaMachine));
{$ENDIF ANDROID}
    // Directly call pthread_exit since EndThread will detach the thread causing
    // the pthread_join in TThread.WaitFor to fail.  Also, make sure the EndThreadProc
    // is called just like EndThread would do. EndThreadProc should not return
    // and call pthread_exit itself.
    if Assigned(EndThreadProc) then
      EndThreadProc(Result);
    pthread_exit(Result);
{$ENDIF POSIX}
  end;
end;

这是正常行为吗？如果是的话，我是唯一一个认为 arc 比 delphi 更糟糕的人？

Answer 1

ARC 必须保留对线程的额外引用，以便在创建者超出范围时不会过早释放它。

在非 ARC 下，当您调用 FMyThread.Free 时，会调用 Destroy 析构函数，然后调用 Terminate; 和 WaitFor ;

使用 ARC，调用 Free 会减少引用计数并检查是否为零。由于还剩下一个引用，因此不会调用析构函数。

这意味着释放线程的模式(使用FreeOnTerminate=false)应该是:

fMyThread.Terminate;
fMyThread.WaitFor;  // Wait for the thread to finish
fMyThread.Free;

这意味着 ARC 获取的额外引用将被删除，并且线程对象将在创建者超出范围后随时释放。

<小时/>

请注意，这种释放线程的模式(使用FreeOnTerminate=false)适用于所有编译器，并且还可以避免在非 ARC 区域中终止线程时出现罕见的竞争条件。

<小时/>

所有设置为 FreeOnTerminate = true 的线程的一般规则是它们不应通过引用从外部访问。