spring - @Transactional 在 spring 框架中导致 nosuchbeandefinitionException

Question

我在使用 @transactional 注释我的服务类的方法时遇到问题。此类注释会导致我的测试类中出现 NoSuchBeanDefinitionExcpetion，其中服务类是 Autowiring 的。如果删除事务注释，它会再次正常工作。为什么会发生这种情况，我在 spring 文档中找不到线索。

这是我的 application-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="<mypackage...>" />

<import resource="data-context.xml"/>

<import resource="resources-context.xml"/>

<import resource="persistence-context.xml"/>

这是我的 persistence-context.xml 的一部分

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">


<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceConnection" />
    <property name="configLocation"
        value="classpath:configuration/mybatis/config.xml"></property>
</bean>


<bean id="txManager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceConnection" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

<bean id="accessDao" class="dao.impl.AccessDaoImpl">
    <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="utilitiesDao" class="dao.impl.UtilitiesDaoImpl">
    <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="portafoglioDao" class="dao.impl.PortafoglioDaoImpl">
    <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>

我的测试类(class)的一部分

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:configuration/applicationContext.xml" })
public class MyTest {

@Autowired
ApplicationContext context;

@Autowired
DriverManagerDataSource dataSourceConnection;

@Autowired
AccessAppDelegate accessApp;

产生问题的类

@Service
public class AccessAppDelegate extends Delegate implements DelegateInterface {

private PersonalCodesManager pcm;
AccessApp accessReq;

@Override
@Transactional
public void elaborateRequestImpl() throws Exception {
    accessReq = (AccessApp) requestBean;
    if (accessReq.getLan() != null) {
        lang = StringUtilities.toLan(accessReq.getLan());
        accessDao.updateDeviceLanguage(accessReq.getUser().getImei(),
                accessReq.getLan());
    }
    if (requestWrap.getRequestType().compareTo(
            ApplicativeConsts.INTESTAZIONE_REQUEST_LOGIN) == 0)
        elaborateRequestLogin();
    else
        elaborateRequestAttivazione();
}

some private methods...

public PersonalCodesManager getPcm() {
    return pcm;
}

public void setPcm(PersonalCodesManager pcm) {
    this.pcm = pcm;
}

@Override
public String getUserId() {
    accessReq = (AccessApp) requestBean;
    return accessReq.getUser().getId();
}

@Override
public Class getRequestType() {
    return AccessApp.class;
}

}

类委托(delegate)

@Component
public class Delegate{


String jsonReq;
String jsonRes;

@Autowired
ApplicationContext ctx;
@Autowired
AccessDao accessDao;

Locale lang;
java.sql.Timestamp timestamp;
RequestWrapper requestWrap;

UserAndDeviceTable userInfo;
AuthUserTable auth;

BaseResponse responseBean;
BaseRequest requestBean;

public void elaborateRequest(String body,boolean authenticationRequired){
    DelegateInterface endpointImplementation = (DelegateInterface) this;
    timestamp = new java.sql.Timestamp(new java.util.Date().getTime());
    if (body.startsWith("json=")){
        body = body.split("json=")[1];
    }
    requestWrap = new RequestWrapper(body);
    requestBean=requestWrap.getReq(endpointImplementation.getRequestType());
    this.jsonReq = requestWrap.getRequestBody();
    lang = StringUtilities.toLan("en");
    try {
        if (authenticationRequired) {
            auth = this.accessDao.checkSessioneAperta(requestBean.getSessionID(), timestamp);
            if(auth==null) {
                throw new Exception("Unauthorized Access");
            }else{
                setUserInfo(auth.getEmail());
            }
        }else{
            setUserInfo(endpointImplementation.getUserId());
        }
        if(userInfo!=null){
            lang=StringUtilities.toLan(userInfo.getLanguage());
        }
        endpointImplementation.elaborateRequestImpl();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        responseBean= new BaseResponse(String.valueOf(ApplicativeConsts.RC_ERRORE),ctx.getMessage(ApplicativeConsts.MSG_ERRORE_GENERAL, null, lang));
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    try {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); 
        this.jsonRes = mapper.writeValueAsString(responseBean);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } 
}

public ModelMap getResponse(ModelMap model) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    model.addAttribute(ApplicativeConsts.INTESTAZIONE_RESPONSE, responseBean);
    return model;
}

public void setUserInfo(String email) {
    List<UserAndDeviceTable> userList = accessDao.findUserAndDeviceTableByEmail(email);
    if (userList.size()==1){
        this.userInfo = userList.get(0);
    }
}

public String getJsonReq() {
    return jsonReq;
}

public String getJsonRes() {
    return jsonRes;
}

public BaseResponse getResponseBean() {
    return responseBean;
}

}

界面

public interface DelegateInterface {

public void elaborateRequestImpl() throws Exception;
public ModelMap getResponse(ModelMap response);
public String getUserId();
public Class getRequestType();
}

异常

            org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'TestClass': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: it.something.be.delegates.AccessAppDelegate it.something.controller.somethingControllerTestAuto.accessApp; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [it.something.be.delegates.AccessAppDelegate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:374)
                at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110)
                at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
                at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:220)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:301)
                at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:303)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
                at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
                at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
                at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
                at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
                at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
                at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
                at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
                at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
                at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
            Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: it.something.be.delegates.AccessAppDelegate it.something.controller.somethingControllerTestAuto.accessApp; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [it.something.be.delegates.AccessAppDelegate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284)
                ... 26 more
            Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [it.something.be.delegates.AccessAppDelegate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:924)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:793)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:707)
                at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
                ... 28 more

Answer 1

这是因为您请求 spring 自动连接到一个不是接口(interface)的字段。添加 @Transactional 会导致您的对象被包装在代理中 - 代理将实现该类实现的所有接口(interface)。它只能自动连接到接口(interface)类型的字段。将测试中的以下字段定义更改为相应的接口(interface)即可解决问题。

@Autowired
AccessAppDelegate accessApp;