python - 装饰器会消耗更多内存吗？

Question

在 Corey Schafer 教程中，他编写了以下代码来测量特定函数消耗的内存量。

import time
import random
import memory_profiler

names = ['john', 'Corey', 'Adam', 'Steve', 'Rick', 'Thomas']
majors = ['Math', 'Engineering', 'CompSci', 'Art', 'Business']
print('Memory (before): {}Mb'.format(memory_profiler.memory_usage()))

def people_list(num_of_people):
    result = []
    for i in range(num_of_people):
        person = {'id': i, 
                  'name' : random.choice(names),
                  'major' : random.choice(majors)}
        result.append(person)
    return result

t1 = time.process_time()
people_list(1000000)
t2 = time.process_time()
print('Memory (After): {}Mb'.format(memory_profiler.memory_usage()))
print('Took {} seconds'.format(t2-t1))

结果是

Memory (before): [34.21875]Mb
Memory (After): [34.47265625]Mb
Took 2.390625 seconds

但是当我尝试创建一个装饰器以将内存和时间测量功能添加到我的函数中时，函数执行前后的内存差异非常大。这是我的代码

import time
import random
import memory_profiler

names = ['john', 'Corey', 'Adam', 'Steve', 'Rick', 'Thomas']
majors = ['Math', 'Engineering', 'CompSci', 'Art', 'Business']

def decorator(original_func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        before_memory = memory_profiler.memory_usage()
        print('Memory (before): {} Mbs'.format(before_memory))
        t1 = time.time()
        output = original_func(*args, **kwargs)
        t2 = time.time()
        time_diff = t2 - t1
        after_memory = memory_profiler.memory_usage()
        print("Memory (after): {} Mbs".format(after_memory))
        print('{} ran in {} seonds'.format(original_func.__name__, time_diff))
        return output
    return wrapper

@decorator
def people_list(num):
    result = []
    for i in range(num):
        person = {'id' : i+1, 
                  'name' : random.choice(names), 
                  'major' : random.choice(majors)}
        result.append(person)
    return result

people_list(1000000)

结果是

Memory (before): [47.07421875] Mbs
Memory (after): [319.875] Mbs
people_list ran in 2.5296807289123535 seonds

Answer 1

如果没有装饰器，您将立即丢弃函数调用的结果。在装饰器示例中，在查看内存使用情况时，结果保存在输出中。

尝试第一个示例:

t1 = time.process_time()
output = people_list(1000000)
t2 = time.process_time()
print('Memory (After): {}Mb'.format(memory_profiler.memory_usage()))
print('Took {} seconds'.format(t2-t1))

并且您应该获得相同的内存使用量。