xmpp - 如何将ejabberd服务器公开

Question

我最近在 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 上安装了 ejabberd。我进行了必要的配置，并且能够使用 LAN ip 在另一台计算机上使用 xmpp 客户端 PSI 进行连接。现在我想让我的 ejabberd 服务器可以从公共(public) url 访问，但没有成功。我做了以下事情:

假设我的公共(public)域是 example.domain.com，公共(public) IP 是 123.123.10.210

打开端口 5222 5269 和 5280。

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5222 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5269 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5280 -j ACCEPT

将以下内容添加到我的主机文件中:

123.123.10.210 example.domain.com

允许 ubuntu 防火墙:

须藤 ufw 允许 5222
须藤 ufw 允许 5269
sudo ufw 允许 5280

这是我的 ejabberd.cfg:

%%%
%%%     Debian ejabberd configuration file
%%%     This config must be in UTF-8 encoding
%%%
%%% The parameters used in this configuration file are explained in more detail
%%% in the ejabberd Installation and Operation Guide.
%%% Please consult the Guide in case of doubts, it is available at
%%% /usr/share/doc/ejabberd/guide.html

%%% This configuration file contains Erlang terms.
%%% In case you want to understand the syntax, here are the concepts:
%%%
%%%  - The character to comment a line is %
%%%
%%%  - Each term ends in a dot, for example:
%%%      override_global.
%%%
%%%  - A tuple has a fixed definition, its elements are
%%%    enclosed in {}, and separated with commas:
%%%      {loglevel, 4}.
%%%
%%%  - A list can have as many elements as you want,
%%%    and is enclosed in [], for example:
%%%      [http_poll, web_admin, tls]
%%%
%%%  - A keyword of ejabberd is a word in lowercase.
%%%    The strings are enclosed in "" and can have spaces, dots...
%%%      {language, "en"}.
%%%      {ldap_rootdn, "dc=example,dc=com"}.
%%%
%%%  - This term includes a tuple, a keyword, a list and two strings:
%%%      {hosts, ["jabber.example.net", "im.example.com"]}.
%%%

%%%   ===================================
%%%   OVERRIDE OPTIONS STORED IN DATABASE

%%
%% Override global options (shared by all ejabberd nodes in a cluster).
%%
%%override_global.

%%
%% Override local options (specific for this particular ejabberd node).
%%
%%override_local.

%%
%% Remove the Access Control Lists before new ones are added.
%%
%%override_acls.


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Options which are set by Debconf and managed by ucf

%% Admin user
{acl, admin, {user, "admin", "localhost"}}.

%% Hostname
{hosts, ["localhost", "example.domain.com"]}.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


%%%   =========
%%%   DEBUGGING

%%
%% loglevel: Verbosity of log files generated by ejabberd.
%% 0: No ejabberd log at all (not recommended)
%% 1: Critical
%% 2: Error
%% 3: Warning
%% 4: Info
%% 5: Debug
%%
{loglevel, 4}.

%%
%% watchdog_admins: If an ejabberd process consumes too much memory,
%% send live notifications to those Jabber accounts.
%%
%%{watchdog_admins, ["bob@example.com"]}.


%%%   ================
%%%   SERVED HOSTNAMES

%%
%% hosts: Domains served by ejabberd.
%% You can define one or several, for example:
%% {hosts, ["example.net", "example.com", "example.org"]}.
%%
%% (This option is defined by debconf earlier)
%% {hosts, ["localhost"]}.

%%
%% route_subdomains: Delegate subdomains to other Jabber server.
%% For example, if this ejabberd serves example.org and you want
%% to allow communication with a Jabber server called im.example.org.
%%
%%{route_subdomains, s2s}.


%%%   ===============
%%%   LISTENING PORTS

%%
%% listen: Which ports will ejabberd listen, which service handles it
%% and what options to start it with.
%%
%5222
{listen,
 [
  {5222, ejabberd_c2s, [
            {access, c2s},
            {access, register},
            {shaper, c2s_shaper},
            {max_stanza_size, 65536},
                        %%zlib,
            starttls, {certfile, "/etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.pem"}
               ]},

  %%
  %% To enable the old SSL connection method (deprecated) in port 5223:
  %%
  %%{5223, ejabberd_c2s, [
  %%            {access, c2s},
  %%            {shaper, c2s_shaper},
  %%            {max_stanza_size, 65536},
  %%                    zlib,
  %%            tls, {certfile, "/etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.pem"}
  %%               ]},
%5269
  {5269, ejabberd_s2s_in, [
               {shaper, s2s_shaper},
               {max_stanza_size, 131072}
              ]},

  %% External MUC jabber-muc
  %%{5554, ejabberd_service, [
  %%                {ip, {127, 0, 0, 1}},
  %%                {access, all},
  %%                {shaper_rule, fast},
  %%                {host, "muc.localhost", [{password, "secret"}]}
  %%                ]},

  %% Jabber ICQ Transport
  %%{5555, ejabberd_service, [
  %%                {ip, {127, 0, 0, 1}},
  %%                {access, all},
  %%                {shaper_rule, fast},
  %%                {hosts, ["icq.localhost", "sms.localhost"],
  %%                       [{password, "secret"}]}
  %%                ]},

  %% AIM Transport
  %%{5556, ejabberd_service, [
  %%                {ip, {127, 0, 0, 1}},
  %%                {access, all},
  %%                {shaper_rule, fast},
  %%                {host, "aim.localhost", [{password, "secret"}]}
  %%                ]},

  %% MSN Transport
  %%{5557, ejabberd_service, [
  %%                {ip, {127, 0, 0, 1}},
  %%                {access, all},
  %%                {shaper_rule, fast},
  %%                {host, "msn.localhost", [{password, "secret"}]}
  %%                ]},

  %% Yahoo! Transport
  %%{5558, ejabberd_service, [
  %%                {ip, {127, 0, 0, 1}},
  %%                {access, all},
  %%                {shaper_rule, fast},
  %%                {host, "yahoo.localhost", [{password, "secret"}]}
  %%                ]},

  %% External JUD (internal is more powerful,
  %% but doesn't allow to register users from other servers)
  %%{5559, ejabberd_service, [
  %%                {ip, {127, 0, 0, 1}},
  %%                {access, all},
  %%                {shaper_rule, fast},
  %%                {host, "jud.localhost", [{password, "secret"}]}
  %%                ]},
%5280
  {5280, ejabberd_http, [
             %%{request_handlers,
             %% [
             %%  {["pub", "archive"], mod_http_fileserver}
             %% ]},
             %%captcha,
             http_bind,
             http_poll,
             web_admin
            ]}

 ]}.

%%
%% max_fsm_queue: Enable limiting of lengths of "message queues"
%% for outgoing connections. Roughly speaking, each message in such
%% queues represents one XML stanza queued to be sent into
%% an output stream it is serving.
%% The default value is an atom 'undefined' which specifies no limiting.
%%
%% When specified globally, this option limits the message queue lengths
%% for all ejabberd_c2s_in and ejabberd_service listeners,
%% as well as for outgoing s2s connections.
%%
%% This option can also be specified as an option for ejabberd_c2s_in
%% and ejabberd_service listeners, in wich case it will override
%% the value of the global option.
%%
{max_fsm_queue, 1000}.

%%
%% s2s_use_starttls: Enable STARTTLS + Dialback for S2S connections.
%% Allowed values are: true or false.
%% You must specify a certificate file.
%%
{s2s_use_starttls, true}.

%%
%% s2s_certfile: Specify a certificate file.
%%
{s2s_certfile, "/etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.pem"}.

%%
%% domain_certfile: Specify a different certificate for each served hostname.
%%
%%{domain_certfile, "example.org", "/path/to/example_org.pem"}.
%%{domain_certfile, "example.com", "/path/to/example_com.pem"}.

%%
%% S2S whitelist or blacklist
%%
%% Default s2s policy for undefined hosts.
%%
%%{s2s_default_policy, allow}.

%%
%% Allow or deny communication with specific servers.
%%
%%{{s2s_host, "goodhost.org"}, allow}.
%%{{s2s_host, "badhost.org"}, deny}.

%%
%% The maximum allowed delay for retry to connect
%% after a failed connection attempt to a remote server, in seconds.
%% The default value is 300 seconds (5 minutes). 
%%
%% The reconnection algorythm works like this: if connection fails,
%% ejabberd makes an initial random delay between 1 and 15 seconds,
%% then retries, and if this attempt fails, makes another delay,
%% twice as long as previous. These attempts are performed either
%% until a successful connection is made or until the next calculated
%% delay is greated or equal than the value of s2s_max_retry_delay.
%%
%%{s2s_max_retry_delay, 300}.

%%
%% Outgoing S2S options
%%
%% Preferred address families (which to try first) and connect timeout
%% in milliseconds.
%%
%%{outgoing_s2s_options, [ipv4, ipv6], 10000}.


%%%   ==============
%%%   AUTHENTICATION

%%
%% auth_method: Method used to authenticate the users.
%% The default method is the internal.
%% If you want to use a different method,
%% comment this line and enable the correct ones.
%%
{auth_method, internal}.

%%
%% Authentication using external script
%% Make sure the script is executable by ejabberd.
%%
%%{auth_method, external}.
%%{extauth_program, "/path/to/authentication/script"}.

%%
%% Authentication using ODBC
%% Remember to setup a database in the next section.
%%
%%{auth_method, odbc}.

%%
%% Authentication using PAM
%%
%%{auth_method, pam}.
%%{pam_service, "pamservicename"}.

%%
%% Authentication using LDAP
%%
%%{auth_method, ldap}.
%%
%% List of LDAP servers:
%%{ldap_servers, ["localhost"]}.
%%
%% Encryption of connection to LDAP servers (LDAPS):
%%{ldap_encrypt, none}.
%%{ldap_encrypt, tls}.
%%
%% Port connect to LDAP server:
%%{ldap_port, 389}.
%%{ldap_port, 636}.
%%
%% LDAP manager:
%%{ldap_rootdn, "dc=example,dc=com"}.
%%
%% Password to LDAP manager:
%%{ldap_password, "******"}.
%%
%% Search base of LDAP directory:
%%{ldap_base, "dc=example,dc=com"}.
%%
%% LDAP attribute that holds user ID:
%%{ldap_uids, [{"mail", "%u@mail.example.org"}]}.
%%
%% LDAP filter:
%%{ldap_filter, "(objectClass=shadowAccount)"}.

%%
%% Anonymous login support:
%%   auth_method: anonymous
%%   anonymous_protocol: sasl_anon | login_anon | both
%%   allow_multiple_connections: true | false
%%
%%{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, anonymous},
%%                                     {allow_multiple_connections, false},
%%                                     {anonymous_protocol, sasl_anon}]}.
%%
%% To use both anonymous and internal authentication:
%%
%%{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [internal, anonymous]}]}.


%%%   ==============
%%%   DATABASE SETUP

%% ejabberd uses by default the internal Mnesia database,
%% so you can avoid this section.
%% This section provides configuration examples in case
%% you want to use other database backends.
%% Please consult the ejabberd Guide for details about database creation.

%% NOTE that ejabberd in Debian supports "out of the box"
%% only mnesia (default) and ODBC storage backends.
%% Working with MySQL and PostgreSQL DB backends requires
%% building and installation of the corresponding Erlang modules,
%% not distributed as a part of ejabberd.
%% Refer to /usr/share/doc/ejabberd/README.Debian for details.

%%
%% MySQL server:
%%
%%{odbc_server, {mysql, "server", "database", "username", "password"}}.
%%
%% If you want to specify the port:
%%{odbc_server, {mysql, "server", 1234, "database", "username", "password"}}.

%%
%% PostgreSQL server:
%%
%%{odbc_server, {pgsql, "server", "database", "username", "password"}}.
%%
%% If you want to specify the port:
%%{odbc_server, {pgsql, "server", 1234, "database", "username", "password"}}.
%%
%% If you use PostgreSQL, have a large database, and need a
%% faster but inexact replacement for "select count(*) from users"
%%
%%{pgsql_users_number_estimate, true}.

%%
%% ODBC compatible or MSSQL server:
%%
%%{odbc_server, "DSN=ejabberd;UID=ejabberd;PWD=ejabberd"}.

%%
%% Number of connections to open to the database for each virtual host
%%
%%{odbc_pool_size, 10}.

%%
%% Interval to make a dummy SQL request to keep alive the connections
%% to the database. Specify in seconds: for example 28800 means 8 hours
%%
%%{odbc_keepalive_interval, undefined}.


%%%   ===============
%%%   TRAFFIC SHAPERS

%%
%% The "normal" shaper limits traffic speed to 1.000 B/s
%%
{shaper, normal, {maxrate, 1000}}.

%%
%% The "fast" shaper limits traffic speed to 50.000 B/s
%%
{shaper, fast, {maxrate, 50000}}.


%%%   ====================
%%%   ACCESS CONTROL LISTS

%%
%% The 'admin' ACL grants administrative privileges to Jabber accounts.
%% You can put as many accounts as you want.
%%
%%{acl, admin, {user, "aleksey", "localhost"}}.
%%{acl, admin, {user, "ermine", "example.org"}}.

%%
%% Blocked users
%%
%%{acl, blocked, {user, "baduser", "example.org"}}.
%%{acl, blocked, {user, "test"}}.

%%
%% Local users: don't modify this line.
%%
{acl, local, {user_regexp, ""}}.

%%
%% More examples of ACLs
%%
%%{acl, jabberorg, {server, "jabber.org"}}.
%%{acl, aleksey, {user, "aleksey", "jabber.ru"}}.
%%{acl, test, {user_regexp, "^test"}}.
%%{acl, test, {user_glob, "test*"}}.

%%
%% Define specific ACLs in a virtual host.
%%
%%{host_config, "localhost",
%% [
%%  {acl, admin, {user, "bob-local", "localhost"}}
%% ]
%%}.


%%%   ============
%%%   ACCESS RULES

%% Define the maximum number of time a single user is allowed to connect:
{access, max_user_sessions, [{10, all}]}.

%% Maximum number of offline messages that users can have:
{access, max_user_offline_messages, [{5000, admin}, {100, all}]}. 

%% This rule allows access only for local users:
{access, local, [{allow, local}]}.

%% Only non-blocked users can use c2s connections:
%{access, c2s, [{deny, blocked},
%          {allow, all}]}.

% TODO: Testing. Allow all
{access, c2s, [{allow, all}]}.

%% For all users except admins used "normal" shaper
{access, c2s_shaper, [{none, admin},
              {normal, all}]}.

%% For all S2S connections used "fast" shaper
{access, s2s_shaper, [{fast, all}]}.

%% Only admins can send announcement messages:
{access, announce, [{allow, admin}]}.

%% Only admins can use configuration interface:
{access, configure, [{allow, admin}]}.

%% Admins of this server are also admins of MUC service:
{access, muc_admin, [{allow, admin}]}.

%% All users are allowed to use MUC service:
{access, muc, [{allow, all}]}.

%% No username can be registered via in-band registration:
%% To enable in-band registration, replace 'deny' with 'allow'
% (note that if you remove mod_register from modules list then users will not
% be able to change their password as well as register).
% This setting is default because it's more safe.
%{access, register, [{deny, all}]}.
%TODO: testing. allow registration
{access, register, [{allow, all}]}.

%% By default frequency of account registrations from the same IP
%% is limited to 1 account every 10 minutes. To disable put: infinity
%%{registration_timeout, 600}.

%% Everybody can create pubsub nodes
{access, pubsub_createnode, [{allow, all}]}.

%%
%% Define specific Access rules in a virtual host.
%%
%%{host_config, "localhost",
%% [
%%  {access, c2s, [{allow, admin}, {deny, all}]},
%%  {access, register, [{deny, all}]}
%% ]
%%}.


%%%   ================
%%%   DEFAULT LANGUAGE

%%
%% language: Default language used for server messages.
%%
{language, "en"}.

%%
%% Set a different default language in a virtual host.
%%
%%{host_config, "localhost",
%% [{language, "ru"}]
%%}.


%%%   =======
%%%   CAPTCHA

%%
%% Full path to a script that generates the image.
%% Note that this script must be made executable
%% for the user ejabberd:ejabberd.
%%
%%{captcha_cmd, "/usr/lib/ejabberd/priv/bin/captcha.sh"}.

%%
%% Host part of the URL sent to the user.
%% The port specified must be configured as the "ejabberd_http"
%% listener which must have the "captcha" directive included
%% in its configuration (see the "LISTENING PORTS" section above).
%%
%%{captcha_host, "localhost:5280"}.


%%%   =======
%%%   MODULES

%%
%% Modules enabled in all ejabberd virtual hosts.
%%
{modules,
 [
  {mod_adhoc,    []},
  {mod_announce, [{access, announce}]}, % requires mod_adhoc
  {mod_caps,     []},
  {mod_configure,[]}, % requires mod_adhoc
  {mod_admin_extra, []},
  {mod_disco,    []},
  %%{mod_echo,   [{host, "echo.localhost"}]},
  {mod_irc,      []},
  %% NOTE that mod_http_fileserver must also be enabled in the
  %% "request_handlers" clause of the "ejabberd_http" listener
  %% configuration (see the "LISTENING PORTS" section above).
  %%{mod_http_fileserver, [
  %%                       {docroot, "/var/www"}, 
  %%                       {accesslog, "/var/log/ejabberd/access.log"}
  %%                      ]},
  {mod_last,     []},
  {mod_muc,      [
          %%{host, "conference.@HOST@"},
          {access, muc},
          {access_create, muc},
          {access_persistent, muc},
          {access_admin, muc_admin},
          {max_users, 500}
         ]},
  %%{mod_muc_log,[]},
  {mod_offline,  [{access_max_user_messages, max_user_offline_messages}]},
  {mod_privacy,  []},
  {mod_private,  []},
  {mod_proxy65,  [
          {access, local},
          {shaper, c2s_shaper}
         ]},
  {mod_pubsub,   [ % requires mod_caps
          {access_createnode, pubsub_createnode},
          {pep_sendlast_offline, false},
          {last_item_cache, false},
          %%{plugins, ["default", "pep"]}
          {plugins, ["flat", "hometree", "pep"]}  % pep requires mod_caps
         ]},
  {mod_register, [
          %%
          %% After successful registration, the user receives
          %% a message with this subject and body.
          %%
          {welcome_message, {"Welcome!",
                     "Welcome to a Jabber service powered by Debian. "
                     "For information about Jabber visit "
                     "http://www.jabber.org"}},
          %% Replace it with 'none' if you don't want to send such message:
          %%{welcome_message, none},

          %%
          %% When a user registers, send a notification to
          %% these Jabber accounts.
          %%
          %%{registration_watchers, ["admin1@example.org"]},

          {access, register}
         ]},
  {mod_roster,   []},
  %%{mod_service_log,[]},
  %%{mod_shared_roster,[]},
  {mod_stats,    []},
  {mod_time,     []},
  {mod_vcard,    []},
  {mod_version,  []}
 ]}.

%%
%% Enable modules with custom options in a specific virtual host
%%
%%{host_config, "localhost",
%% [{{add, modules},
%%   [
%%    {mod_echo, [{host, "mirror.localhost"}]}
%%   ]
%%  }
%% ]}.


%%% $Id: ejabberd.cfg.example 2497 2009-08-17 20:27:28Z cromain $

%%% Local Variables:
%%% mode: erlang
%%% End:
%%% vim: set filetype=erlang tabstop=8:

Answer 1

验证连接是否真正通过服务器。

在连接互联网的盒子上使用 telnet , nc或类似的命令来验证连接到服务器的知名端口是否有效。做

$ telnet 123.123.10.210 5222

然后输入一些乱码并按 Enter 发送它—您应该从服务器收到一个 XML 节，告诉您发送了一个格式错误的流并指示流关闭(要退出 telnet session ，请按 Crl-] 然后输入q 并按 Enter)。

如果此命令挂起然后超时或完全失败，则说明您遇到了网络连接问题。

当您检查时，拥有 tcpdump 的实例非常方便。运行以查看客户端数据包是否进入并回复:

# tcpdump -n -i eth0 'tcp and (port 5222 or port 5269)'

(替换您的 Internet 连接接口(interface)的名称而不是 eth0 )。

您必须为您的 XMPP 域设置正确的 DNS。

也就是说，如果您的用户在 example.domain.com 中有 JID ，互联网上的每个人都应该能够向他们的 DNS 服务器询问如何使用 XMPP 联系该域中具有 JID 的用户。这是使用 SRV 记录完成的。维护 example.domain.com 的 DNS 服务器必须有两条 DNS 记录:

_xmpp-client._tcp.example.domain.com指向接受客户端连接的服务器的主机和端口(因此它们应该是 123.123.10.210 和 5222 )。

_xmpp-server._tcp.example.domain.com指向接受服务器连接的服务器的主机和端口(因此它们应该是 123.123.10.210 和 5269 )。

更多信息 here .

跑

$ host -t srv _xmpp-client._tcp.gmail.com
$ host -t srv _xmpp-server._tcp.gmail.com

了解它的外观。
这里要注意的另一件事是，如果您的服务器位于 DMZ 中(不直接连接到 Internet，而是由 NAT 设备介导)，则应该更多地涉及防火墙设置。但在深入研究之前，请按照上述说明检查连接性。