java - 更改 JFrame 上图像的位置

Question

所以我正在制作这个ABC学习游戏，我想做的是如果我多次点击A按钮，三个图像就会改变它们的位置，我想做的是这个![在此处输入图像描述][1]

当我点击A按钮时，屏幕上会出现三个图像，第一个是苹果，因为我在循环中这样设置，但后两个图像会随机出现，尽管有时其中一个又是苹果，我可以解决这个问题。

我的问题是，如果多次单击“A”按钮，如何将苹果的位置更改为第二张图像，将第二张图像更改为第一张图像，将第三张图像更改为第二个位置。所以，结果将是苹果将根据单击“A”按钮改变位置，而其他两张图片改变其位置并从数组中随机选择。

所以，这是我的 JPanel 代码，一切都在其中发生。大部分代码都在注释中进行了解释

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.text.AttributedCharacterIterator;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;

/**
 *
 * @author Dip
 */
public class AbcGeniusPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

    //Declare the necessary Variables here
    private JButton[] buttons;  //create an array for buttons
    private BorderLayout layout; //Declare object of BorderLayout
    private Image image = null;
    private boolean showImage = false;
    //Initialize all the variables here
    static int index = 0;
    int randNumber = 0, id = 0;
    int q = 0, w = 0;
    int buttonClick = 0;
    //Store all the imahges that will appear on the screen into an String type array
    private static String[] imageList = {"src/Images/1.png", "src/Images/2.png", "src/Images/3.png", "src/Images/4.png", "src/Images/5.png", "src/Images/6.png", "src/Images/7.png", "src/Images/8.png", "src/Images/9.png", "src/Images       /10.png",
        "src/Images/11.png", "src/Images/12.png", "src/Images/13.png", "src/Images         /14.png", "src/Images/15.png",
        "src/Images/16.png", "src/Images/17.png", "src/Images/18.png", "src/Images         /19.png", "src/Images/20.png",
        "src/Images/21.png", "src/Images/22.png", "src/Images/23.png", "src/Images          /24.png", "src/Images/25.png",
        "src/Images/26.png"
    };

    //Define the constructor here
    public AbcGeniusPanel() {
        ImageIcon[] alphabets = new ImageIcon[26];
        setBackground(Color.yellow);
        //Load the images for alphabet images into the alphabets array using a for loop 
        for (int i = 0; i < alphabets.length; i++) {
            alphabets[i] = new ImageIcon("C:\\Users\\Dip\\Desktop\\Java Projects\\AbcGeniusApp\\src\\Alphabets\\" + (i + 1) + ".png");
        }
        //Create a JPnael object
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        //Set a layoutManager on the panel
        //panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER)); //This is not workling good
        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 13, 5, 5)); //This is good for now
        //Create an array for holdoing the buttons
        buttons = new JButton[26];
        //This Loop will Store the buttons in the buttons array attatching each image for each button
        //Try passing Images inside the JButton parameter later.
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            buttons[i] = new JButton(alphabets[i]);
        }
        // Now Setting up a new Borderlayout so that we can set the whole gridLayout at the botton of the panel
        setLayout(new BorderLayout(2, 0));
        //add the panel to the Border layout
        add(panel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        //Add evenHandling mechanism to all the buttons
        for (int k = 0; k < 26; k++) {
            buttons[k].addActionListener(this);
        }
        for (int count1 = 0; count1 < 26; count1++) {
            panel.add(buttons[count1]);
        }
    }

    //This Method will generate a random Number and return it
    public int random_number() {
        int rand_num;
        Random generator = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
        rand_num = generator.nextInt(26);
        return rand_num;
    }

    //This method will draw the font on the Panel
    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        Font font; //Declare Font object here
        font = new Font("Wide Latin", Font.BOLD, 22); //Set font
        super.paintComponent(g); //Ensure the drawing in super class
        g.setFont(font); //Set the font
        g.setColor(Color.RED);
        String text = "CLICK ON THE RIGHT IMAGE!"; //Display the text
        g.drawString(text, 255, 20);
    }

    //To draw the picture on the screen we need to override the paint Method
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        super.paint(g);
        //Here, x and y will determine the x and y position os each image
        int x = 0, y = 0;
        // the varibale q is declared above
        for (q = 0; q < 3; q++) //This loop will generate three images on the screen
        {
            if (showImage) {
                x = x + 265; //X-Position of the image
                y = 90;   //Y-Position of the image
                //q is declared as q=0, so this will always be true
                if (w == 1 || q == 0) {
                    g.drawImage(image, x, y, image.getWidth(null), image.getHeight(null), null); //This method will put the image on the screen
                    showImage = true;
                    w = 0;
                }
                while (true) //this loop will run anyway
                {
                    //go inside this loop only when the generated random 
                    //doesn't match with the index of the button that was pressed
                    while ((randNumber = random_number()) != index) {
                        index = randNumber; //Now put the randomVlaue in the index
                        this.image = new ImageIcon(imageList[randNumber]).getImage();
                        showImage = true;
                        //make w=1 so that we can break from the outer  loop
                        w = 1;
                        //break from the inner loop
                        break;
                    }
                    //Since we have made the w=1, so we are breaking out of the outer loop
                    if (w == 1) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
        Object source = event.getSource();
        id = 0;
        while (true) {
            //id is set to zero, for example if the button A (buttons[0])is not pressed then it will go below
            //to increase id until it matches the index of the button that we pressed
            if (source == buttons[id]) {
                //get the image of that same index of the buttons and then set the showImage true
                //SO the the paint function above can draw the image
                this.image = new ImageIcon(imageList[id]).getImage();
                showImage = true;
                //save the index of the button that is presed in another variable
                //then break from the while loop
                index = id;
                break;
            } else {
                id++;
                //This is necessary to make sure that id will cross 26
                //becasue we have only 26 letters or the array index is 26
                //so highest value can be 26 only
                id = id % 26;
            }
        }
        repaint();
    }
}

Answer 1

1. 将 3 个 JLabels 或 JButton(无论将显示图像的内容)添加到 JPanel 容器中。 JPanel 可能会使用 GridLayout(1, 3,horizo​​ntal_gap, 0) 布局。
2. 将所有图像作为 ImageIcons 放入 ArrayList。
3. 在需要时对 ArrayList 进行随机排列
4. 随机排列后，使用 setIcon(...) 方法将图标放入 for 循环中的 JLabels/JButton 中。

请注意

• 您的 JPanel 应覆盖 paintComponent，而不是 paint。 paint 方法负责绘制组件的子组件和边框，默认情况下它不使用双缓冲，这使得重写方法更加危险。
• 在 Swing GUI 中放入 while (true) 循环而不考虑线程是极其危险的。
• 将其放入诸如 paint 之类的绘画方法中是 GUI 自杀。永远不要这样做，因为绘画方法是程序感知响应能力的主要决定因素。如果你放慢速度，程序将被认为是缓慢且响应差的，因此它必须尽可能精简和快速，并且你应该在其中包含绘画并且仅绘画代码。<
• 您的paint方法中有程序逻辑，这也是不应该做的。您无法完全控制是否调用绘画方法，甚至是否调用绘画方法，因此程序逻辑永远不应该放置在其中之一中。
• 正如 MadProgrammer 所指出的，不要使用图像的 src 路径，因为一旦将程序构建到 jar 文件中，该路径将不存在。最好在 jar 文件中创建一个资源目录，并将图像作为资源而不是文件引用。