java - Cucumber 框架在运行测试时抛出错误

Question

我正在使用 Cucumber 框架来编写我的 ATDD。尝试运行 Cucumber 测试时出现以下错误。

[INFO] Running my.package.RunCukesTests
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.146 s <<< FAILURE! - in my.package.RunCukesTests
[ERROR] initializationError(my.package.RunCukesTests)  Time elapsed: 0.005 s  <<< ERROR!
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: io/cucumber/stepexpression/TypeRegistry
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: io.cucumber.stepexpression.TypeRegistry

[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[ERROR] Errors: 
[ERROR]   RunCukesTests.initializationError » NoClassDefFound io/cucumber/stepexpression...
[INFO] 
[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE

以下是 Cucumber 依赖项:

<properties>
<cucumber.version>3.0.2</cucumber.version>
</properties>
<dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java8</artifactId>
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

RunCuckesTest.java

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(plugin = { "html:target/test_results/html/TestRunner/cucumber-html-report",
        "json:target/test_results/json/TestRunner-reports.json", "pretty" }, tags = { "" }, features = {
                "src/test/resources/" }, glue = { 
                        "glue/package/steps",
                        "glue/package1/steps" })
public class RunCukesTests {
}

在具有类似异常的线程中搜索时，我发现这可能是由于多个依赖项或使用不同版本时不匹配而导致的。但这里我使用相同的版本，我不确定使用相同版本时问题出在哪里。

非常感谢任何帮助。提前致谢。

Answer 1

要点:我们不会混合 info.cukes 和 io.cucumber 依赖项，特别是它们的版本!这样做可能会导致不可预测的结果。

解决方案:您可能更喜欢以下正确的 io.cucumber 依赖项集，并根据您的框架需求更新 cucumber v。

 <dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.6</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.6</version>
</dependency>