用于从两个日期范围之间的日志文件中提取数据的 Perl 脚本，文件中不需要输入日期

Question

我有一个日志文件，每一行都有一个时间戳，如下所示。我需要获取两个日期之间的数据。例如，获取 8 月 9 日 16:24:23 和 8 月 9 日 16:28:00 之间的数据，即使它们不在文件中。

Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus-daemon[685]: 
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus[685]: [system] Activating service 
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus-daemon[685]: 
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus-daemon[685]: dbus[685]: [system] 
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus[685]: [system] Successfully activated 
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: renewing lease of 192.168.37.128
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: leased 192.168.37.128 for 1800 seconds
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: adding IP address 192.168.37.128/24
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: adding 
Aug  9 16:27:47 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: Failed to lookup
Aug  9 16:27:47 linux-447z ifup:     eth0      
Aug  9 16:27:48 linux-447z SuSEfirewall2:   
Aug  9 16:29:03 linux-447z dbus[685]: [system] Activating service 

Answer 1

您可以使用 Time::Piece (自 Perl 5.10 以来的核心模块)进行日期解析和比较:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use 5.010;

use Time::Piece;

my $format = '%b %e %T';
my $start = Time::Piece->strptime('Aug  9 16:24:23', $format);
my $end   = Time::Piece->strptime('Aug  9 16:28:00', $format);

while (<DATA>) {
    my ($timestamp) = /(^\w+\s+\d+\s+\d\d:\d\d:\d\d)/;
    my $t = Time::Piece->strptime($timestamp, $format);

    print if $t >= $start && $t <= $end;
}

__DATA__
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus-daemon[685]:
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus[685]: [system] Activating service
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus-daemon[685]:
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus-daemon[685]: dbus[685]: [system]
Aug  9 16:24:21 linux-447z dbus[685]: [system] Successfully activated
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: renewing lease of 192.168.37.128
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: leased 192.168.37.128 for 1800 seconds
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: adding IP address 192.168.37.128/24
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: adding
Aug  9 16:27:47 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: Failed to lookup
Aug  9 16:27:47 linux-447z ifup:     eth0
Aug  9 16:27:48 linux-447z SuSEfirewall2:
Aug  9 16:29:03 linux-447z dbus[685]: [system] Activating service

输出:

Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: renewing lease of 192.168.37.128
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: leased 192.168.37.128 for 1800 seconds
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: adding IP address 192.168.37.128/24
Aug  9 16:27:46 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: adding 
Aug  9 16:27:47 linux-447z dhcpcd[3422]: eth0: Failed to lookup
Aug  9 16:27:47 linux-447z ifup:     eth0      
Aug  9 16:27:48 linux-447z SuSEfirewall2: