java - 通过 Jsoup post 方法登录网站不起作用

Question

我有以下代码，用于以编程方式登录网站。但是，它不会返回登录页面的 html(带有用户数据信息)，而是返回登录页面的 html。我多次尝试找出问题所在，但似乎找不到。

 public class LauncherClass {

static String username = "----username here------"; //blocked out here for obvious reasons
static String password = "----password here------";
static String loginUrl = "https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents/j_security_check";
static String userDataUrl = "https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents?module=gradebook";

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{

LauncherClass launcher = new LauncherClass();
launcher.Login(loginUrl, username, password);

}

public void Login(String url, String username, String password) throws IOException {

    Connection.Response res = Jsoup
            .connect(url)
            .data("j_username",username,"j_password",password)
            .followRedirects(true)
            .ignoreHttpErrors(true)
            .method(Method.POST)
            .userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/45.0.2454.4 Safari/537.36")
            .timeout(500)
            .execute();

    Map <String,String> cookies = res.cookies();

    Document loggedIn = Jsoup.connect(userDataUrl)
            .cookies(cookies)
            .get();

    System.out.print(loggedIn);

    }
}

[注意]登录表单确实有一行:

 <input type="submit" class="saveButton" value="Login">

但是这个没有“name”属性，所以我没有发布它

欢迎任何答案/评论!

[UPDATE2] 对于登录页面，浏览器显示以下内容...

 ---General
    Remote Address:107.0.42.212:443
    Request URL:https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/j_security_check
    Request Method:POST
    Status Code:302 Found
----Response Headers
    view source
    Content-Length:0
    Date:Sun, 26 Jul 2015 20:06:15 GMT
    Location:https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents?gohome=true
    Server:Apache-Coyote/1.1
----Request Headers
    view source   
Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
    Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate
    Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
    Cache-Control:max-age=0
    Connection:keep-alive
    Content-Length:51
    Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
    Cookie:JSESSIONID=33C445158EB6CCAFFF77D2873FD66BC0;         lastvisit=458D80553DC34ADD8DB232B5A8FC99CA
    Host:parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us
    HTTPS:1
    Origin:https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us
    Referer:https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents?gohome=true
    User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_4)                 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/45.0.2454.4 Safari/537.36
----Form Data
    j_username: ---username here---
    j_password: ---password here---        

Answer 1

您必须分两个阶段登录该网站。
阶段1 -您向此 URL 发送 GET 请求 - https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents?gohome=true 并获得 session cookie。
第 2 阶段 -
您使用您的用户名和密码发送 post 请求，并添加您在第 1 阶段获得的 cookie。
其代码是 -

Connection.Response res = null;
Document doc = null;

try {   //first connection with GET request
        res = Jsoup.connect("https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents?gohome=true")
//                  .userAgent(YourUserAgent)
//                  .header("Accept", WhateverTheSiteSends)
//                  .timeout(Utilities.timeout)
                    .method(Method.GET)
                    .execute();         
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        //Do some exception handling here
    }
try {
        doc = Jsoup.connect("https://parents.mtsd.k12.nj.us/genesis/parents/j_security_check"")
    //          .userAgent(YourUserAgent)
    //          .referrer(Referer)
    //          .header("Content-Type", ...)
                .cookies(res.cookies())
                .data("j_username",username)
                .data("j_password",password)                    
                .post();
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        //Do some exception handling here
    }
    //Now you can use doc!

您可能必须为这两个请求添加不同的 HEADERS，例如 userAgent、referrer、content-type等等。在第二个请求结束时，doc 应该包含网站的 HTML。

您无法登录该网站的原因是您发送的 post 请求没有包含 session cookie，因此这是来自服务器的无效请求。