c# - 如何使用 Moq 和 Nunit 测试 ASP.Net MVC POST Controller

Question

我想编写一个单元测试来测试是否创建了新项目，而不实际将其持久保存到数据库中。我对 Moq 或一般的 mock 不太熟悉。

这是 Controller 代码:

// POST: api/MoviesAPI
[ResponseType(typeof(MovieDTO))]
[Route("api/movies/post")]
public IHttpActionResult PostMovies(MovieDTO movie)
{

    // Validation
    if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(movie.Title))
    {
        return Ok("Movie Title is required");
    }

    if (movie.GenreIds == null || movie.GenreIds.Count == 0)
    {
        return Ok("A new Movie requires at least one genre to be selected");
    }

    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        return BadRequest(ModelState);
    }
    // /Validation

    //// Create Movie type object to add
    var newMovie = new Movies()
    {
        Title = movie.Title,
        Released = movie.Released
    };

    using (var db = new MoviesContext())
    {
        // Link genres from DB to the new Movie
        newMovie.Genres = new List<Genres>();
        foreach (var g in movie.GenreIds)
        {
            var genreToAdd = db.Genres.FirstOrDefault(x => x.GenreId == g);
            newMovie.Genres.Add(genreToAdd);
        }

        // Try to insert the new Movie
        try
        {
            db.Movies.Add(newMovie);
            db.SaveChanges();
        }
        catch (DbEntityValidationException ex)
        {
            return BadRequest(ex.Message);
        }


        return Ok(movie);
    }
}

还有我不完整的测试:

[TestMethod]
public void Insert_NewMovie_IsSuccessful()
{
    //var sut = new Mock<MoviesAPIController>();
    var sut = new MoviesAPIController();
    var model = new MovieDTO();

    //sut.PostMovies(model);

    // TODO: Assert
}

Answer 1

除了建议的评论之外，您还应该查看以下资源

Unit Testing Controllers in ASP.NET Web API 2

C# Writing unit tests with NUnit and Moq

Writing unit tests with NUnit and Moq

最后一个链接只是我用来获取之前链接的 Google 搜索。 :)

如果您花时间查看提供的链接，您将更好地了解如何编写单元测试来测试新项目的创建，而无需实际将其保存到数据库

以下示例是根据上面的链接建模的，并经过修改以显示如何根据提供的代码执行此操作。

这是一个简化的 Controller ，其中所有数据库代码都已被分离到它自己的关注点中。

[RoutePrefix("api/movies")]
public class MoviesAPIController : ApiController {

    IMovieRepository repository;

    public MovieController(IMovieRepository repository) {
        this.repository = repository;
    }

    [HttpGet]
    [Route("")]
    [ResponseType(typeof(MovieDTO))]
    public IHttpActionResult Get(int id) {
        var movie = repository.GetById(id);
        if (movie == null) {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return Ok(movie);
    }

    // POST api/movies
    [HttpPost]
    [Route("")]
    [ResponseType(typeof(MovieDTO))]
    public IHttpActionResult PostMovies(MovieDTO movie) {

        // Validation
        if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(movie.Title)) {
            return BadRequest("Movie Title is required");
        }

        if (movie.GenreIds == null || movie.GenreIds.Count == 0) {
            return BadRequest("A new Movie requires at least one genre to be selected");
        }

        if (!ModelState.IsValid) {
            return BadRequest(ModelState);
        }

        repository.Add(movie);
        return CreatedAtRoute("DefaultApi", new { id = movie.Id, title = movie.Title }, movie);
    }

    public IHttpActionResult Delete(int id) {
        repository.Delete(id);
        return Ok();
    }

    public IHttpActionResult Put(MovieDTO movie) {
        // Do some work (not shown).
        return Content(HttpStatusCode.Accepted, movie);
    } 
}

这是 POST 的示例测试，再次根据您的原始示例进行修改。

[TestMethod]
public void PostMethodSetsLocationHeader()
{
    // Arrange
    var mockRepository = new Mock<IMovieRepository>();
    var controller = new MoviesAPIController(mockRepository.Object);
    var model = new MovieDTO()
    {
        Title = "Mad Max: Fury Road",
        Released = DateTime.Parse("15 May 2015"),
        GenreIds = new List<int>(){ 1 }
    };

    // Act    
    IHttpActionResult actionResult = controller.PostMovies(model);
    var createdResult = actionResult as CreatedAtRouteNegotiatedContentResult<MovieDTO>;

    // Assert
    Assert.IsNotNull(createdResult);
    Assert.AreEqual("DefaultApi", createdResult.RouteName);
    Assert.AreEqual(model.Title, createdResult.RouteValues["title"]);
}