Ansible:循环中设置每个项目的标签

Question

是否可以在 with_item 语句中为每个项目设置 tags？

假设我有一个任务:

- name: ensure required packages are installed
  apt: pkg={{ item }} state=present
  with_items:
    - package_1
    - package_2
  sudo: yes

当用户在命令行中定义 --tags "second" 时，我只想安装 package_2。

是否可以使用标签表达式或任何其他方式来获得所需的行为？

Answer 1

五年后我也想知道同样的事情，然后我碰巧发现了这个话题。经过一些实验后，我发现以下方法可以相当成功地工作，而无需指定额外的变量。它还可以与 --skip-tags 一起使用。

示例 1:使用自定义标签名称:

- name: ensure required packages are installed
  apt: pkg={{ item }} state=present
  loop:
    - {pkg_name: package_1, tag: first}
    - {pkg_name: package_2, tag: second}
    - {pkg_name: package_3, tag: third}
  sudo: yes
  when:
    - (ansible_run_tags == ['all'] and ansible_skip_tags == []) or (item.tag in ansible_run_tags) or (item.tag not in ansible_skip_tags and (item.tag in ansible_run_tags or ansible_run_tags == ['all']))
  tags:
    - always

测试了以下场景:

ansible-playbook test.yaml --tags first
  Installs only the first package.

ansible-playbook test.yaml --skip-tags first
  Installs only the second and third packages.

ansible-playbook test.yaml --skip-tags first --tags third
  Installs only the third package (because 'second' isn't in the tag list.)

为了简单起见，我可以考虑使用实际的包名称作为标签。在这种情况下，我提出...

示例 2:使用包名称作为标签名称:

- name: ensure required packages are installed
  apt: pkg={{ item }} state=present
  loop:
    - httpd
    - ansible
    - docker
  sudo: yes
  when:
    - (ansible_run_tags == ['all'] and ansible_skip_tags == []) or (item in ansible_run_tags) or (item not in ansible_skip_tags and (item in ansible_run_tags or ansible_run_tags == ['all']))
  tags:
    - always

预期结果(未测试):

ansible-playbook test.yaml --tags ansible
  Installs only the 'ansible' package

ansible-playbook test.yaml --skip-tags httpd
  Installs only the 'ansible' and 'docker' packages skipping 'httpd'.

ansible-playbook test.yaml --tags mongodb
  Installs nothing since 'mongodb' is not in the list.

ansible-playbook test.yaml
  Installs all packages in the list.