Java 抽象类的子类的构造函数

Question

我开始开发我的第一个java项目，它是一种基本的角色扮演游戏。我想创建一个角色。

首先我会解释一些事情:

• Game class - 获取角色类别输入(如战斗机)。
• Character - 拥有所有角色数据。
• CharacterClass - 包含每个字符类信息的抽象类(如 Fighter )。
• Fighter (和其他类)扩展了抽象类 CharacterClass ，应为所选字符类设置初始统计信息(如 Fighter )。

我想要做的是在 Game 中选择一个角色类别(假设我选择 Fighter )，并通过 displayStats 获取所有统计数据。当角色选择职业时 Game应该调用类似:Chracter ch = new Character(name, scan) ，然后 ch.displayCharacter .

我的问题是Fighter的构造函数并将此数据分配给 Character的构造函数。

public class Game {
public static void main(String[] args) {

    System.out.println("Choose a character: ");
    System.out.println("1. Fighter");
    System.out.println("2. Rogue");
    System.out.println("3. Mage");
    System.out.println("4. Cleric");


    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    int scan = sc.nextInt();
    System.out.println("Character Class: " + CharacterUtil.getCharacterClass(scan));

    System.out.println("Choose Name:");
    Scanner nameIn = new Scanner(System.in);
    String name = nameIn.next();
    System.out.println("Name: " + name);

}
}


public class Character {

private String name;
private String characterClass;
private int level;
private int hp;
private int currentHp;
private long xp;
/*private int BAB; /*Base attack bonus*/

private int strength;
private int constitution;
private int dexterity;
private int intelligence;
private int wisdom;
private int charisma;

Character(String name, String chracterClass){

    this.name = name;
    this.characterClass = chracterClass;
    level =  ;
    hp = ;
    currentHp = hp;
    xp = 0;
    strength = ;
    constitution = ;
    dexterity = ;
    intelligence = ;
    wisdom = ;
    charisma = ;


}


void displayCharacter(){
    System.out.println("Name: " + name);
    System.out.println("Level: " + level);
    System.out.println("Class: " + characterClass);
    System.out.println("HP: " + hp);
    System.out.println("Attributes: ");
    System.out.println("Strength: " + strength);
    System.out.println("Constitution: " + constitution);
    System.out.println("Dexterity: " + dexterity);
    System.out.println("Intelligence: " + intelligence);
    System.out.println("Wisdom: " + wisdom);
    System.out.println("Charisma: " + strength);
    System.out.println("XP: " + xp);

}

}

<小时/>

abstract class CharacterClass {

private int level;
private int hp;

private int strength;
private int constitution;
private int dexterity;
private int intelligence;
private int wisdom;
private int charisma;

CharacterClass(){

    level = 1;
    hp = 10;
    strength = 10;
    constitution = 10;
    dexterity = 10;
    intelligence = 10;
    wisdom = 10;
    charisma = 10;
}

<小时/>

class Fighter extends CharacterClass {

Fighter(){
    super.level = 1;
    super.hp = 10;
    super.strength = 16;
    super.constitution = 14;
    super.dexterity = 14;
    super.intelligence = 10;
    super.wisdom= 10;
    super.charisma = 10;
}
}

Answer 1

要么将您的CharacterClass私有(private)字段设置为 protected 而不是私有(private)，以便子类可以访问它们，要么在抽象类中实现getter/setter并在子类构造函数中使用它们。

此外，super.field 没有任何意义:您正在实例化一个对象，该对象将具有来自抽象类和子类的字段，您想要访问的将是 this.fields。

示例代码:

public abstract class CharacterClass {

    private int intelligence;
    private int strength;
    private int dexterity;
    private int vitality;

    protected CharacterClass() {
        setIntelligence(10);
        setStrength(10);
        setDexterity(10);
        setVitality(10);
    }

    public int getDexterity() {
        return dexterity;
    }
    protected void setDexterity(int dexterity) {
        this.dexterity = dexterity;
    }
    public int getVitality() {
        return vitality;
    }
    protected void setVitality(int vitality) {
        this.vitality = vitality;
    }
    public int getStrength() {
        return strength;
    }
    protected void setStrength(int strength) {
        this.strength = strength;
    }
    public int getIntelligence() {
        return intelligence;
    }
    protected void setIntelligence(int intelligence) {
        this.intelligence = intelligence;
    }

}

<小时/>

public class Fighter extends CharacterClass {

    public Fighter() {
        setStrength(15);
        setVitality(15);
    }

}

<小时/>

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CharacterClass player = new Fighter();

        System.out.println(player.getStrength());
        System.out.println(player.getIntelligence());
    }

}

这将打印 15，然后是 10，因为强度已被 Fightther 修改，但智力仍然是在 CharacterClass 中定义的。

请注意，您可能希望您的玩家不仅仅是一个角色类别或一名战士。虽然你将拥有很多作为 PNJ 的格斗者、盗贼和法师，但玩家将拥有一系列其他可能性，例如在库存中存储元素、与世界互动等。

祝您游戏愉快!