r - 特定时间跨度内的推文 (TwitteR)

Question

是否有任何方法可以使用 twitteR 获取特定时间跨度(例如 12 月到 1 月)的推文，而不是简单地获取过去的 N 条推文(如推文 <- UserTimeline(user, n = 1000) ？

或者使用 TwitteR 库不可能吗？ (这意味着您必须使用 Excel 之类的工具按日期对大量推文进行子集化)。

Answer 1

在您使用的包中，searchTwitter 函数采用参数 since 和 until(在 documentation 中定义)如下:

since If not NULL, restricts tweets to those since the given date. Date is to be formatted as YYYY-MM-DD

until If not NULL, restricts tweets to those up until the given date. Date is to be formatted as YYYY-MM-DD

这就是你所追求的吗？或者，如果您想坚持使用 userTimeline 函数，您可以通过对 status 对象的 created 字段进行操作来对所需的日期范围进行子集化您得到的结果(因此无需使用 Excel)。

编辑如果您使用userTimeline，以下是对created字段进行子集化的方法:

library(twitteR)
# get last 100 tweets from the NSF
tweets <- userTimeline('NSF', 100)
# inspect structure of first item in the status object (ie. list of results)
str(tweets[1])
List of 1
 $ :Reference class 'status' [package "twitteR"] with 10 fields
  ..$ text        : chr "From the field: Avoiding a Cartography Catastrophe:  Study recommends new tools to improve global mapping of inf... http://t.co"| __truncated__
  ..$ favorited   : logi FALSE
  ..$ replyToSN   : chr(0) 
  ..$ created     : POSIXct[1:1], format: "2013-02-05 01:43:45"
  ..$ truncated   : logi FALSE
  ..$ replyToSID  : chr(0) 
  ..$ id          : chr "298607815617036288"
  ..$ replyToUID  : chr(0) 
  ..$ statusSource: chr "<a href=\"http://twitterfeed.com\" rel=\"nofollow\">twitterfeed</a>"
  ..$ screenName  : chr "NSF"
  ..and 34 methods, of which 23 are possibly relevant:
  ..  getCreated, getFavorited, getId, getReplyToSID, getReplyToSN,
  ..  getReplyToUID, getScreenName, getStatusSource, getText,
  ..  getTruncated, initialize, setCreated, setFavorited, setId,
  ..  setReplyToSID, setReplyToSN, setReplyToUID, setScreenName,
      ..  setStatusSource, setText, setTruncated, toDataFrame, usingMethods


# convert status object to data frame for easier manipulation
tweetsdf <- twListToDF(tweets)


 # subset by `created` field, eg get all tweets between 2 Feb and 5 Feb  
    subset(tweetsdf, created >= as.POSIXct('2013-02-02 00:00:00') & created <= as.POSIXct('2013-02-05 00:00:00'))

这是该子集操作产生的数据框:

text
1   From the field: Avoiding a Cartography Catastrophe:  Study recommends new tools to improve global mapping of inf... http://t.co/F6IJ05Sb
2                  Video: Research Vessel Sikuliaq launched... and now being prepared for her first Arctic run in 2014, http://t.co/D7GlRnlm
3                                                                                        Who's watching the power grid? http://t.co/oYsgBl63
4 Ice Melt & the Ice Age... research story on #AAAS #Science Update Daily, featured show @Science360 Radio, http://t.co/XRXSdYL1 #Arctic
5                                                                                             Taking LIGO to the people http://t.co/R2KHNQTB
6                            Pubs: NSF Current - January-February 2013: Available Formats: JSP: http://t.co/2NhEEj6Q... http://t.co/ZSVABpXm
7   Upcoming Due Dates: Interdisciplinary Research in Hazards and Disasters (Hazards SEES): Full Proposal Deadline D... http://t.co/IG3naAFs
8                                                     When children learn to walk, their language improves dramatically http://t.co/FGYXSKu2
  favorited replyToSN             created truncated replyToSID
1     FALSE        NA 2013-02-05 01:43:45     FALSE         NA
2     FALSE        NA 2013-02-04 19:30:40     FALSE         NA
3     FALSE        NA 2013-02-04 18:01:33     FALSE         NA
4     FALSE        NA 2013-02-04 13:55:46     FALSE         NA
5     FALSE        NA 2013-02-04 13:01:51     FALSE         NA
6     FALSE        NA 2013-02-02 17:19:30     FALSE         NA
7     FALSE        NA 2013-02-02 14:25:15     FALSE         NA
8     FALSE        NA 2013-02-02 14:02:11     FALSE         NA
                  id replyToUID
1 298607815617036288         NA
2 298513923307630592         NA
3 298491499958644736         NA
4 298429645580288000         NA
5 298416076012785666         NA
6 297756138433290240         NA
7 297712287521841156         NA
8 297706485608218624         NA
                                                     statusSource
1 <a href="http://twitterfeed.com" rel="nofollow">twitterfeed</a>
2 <a href="http://www.hootsuite.com" rel="nofollow">HootSuite</a>
3 <a href="http://www.hootsuite.com" rel="nofollow">HootSuite</a>
4 <a href="http://www.hootsuite.com" rel="nofollow">HootSuite</a>
5 <a href="http://www.hootsuite.com" rel="nofollow">HootSuite</a>
6 <a href="http://twitterfeed.com" rel="nofollow">twitterfeed</a>
7 <a href="http://twitterfeed.com" rel="nofollow">twitterfeed</a>
8 <a href="http://www.hootsuite.com" rel="nofollow">HootSuite</a>
  screenName
1        NSF
2        NSF
3        NSF
4        NSF
5        NSF
6        NSF
7        NSF
8        NSF