c# - 团结 : Manage AudioManager on all scenes

Question

我使用以下代码创建了一个AudioManager:

using System;
using UnityEngine.Audio;
using UnityEngine;

public class AudioManager : MonoBehaviour
{

    public Sound[] sounds;

    public static AudioManager instance;

    void Awake()
    {
        if (instance == null)
        {
            instance = this;
        }
        else
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
            return;
        }

        DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
    }

    public void Play(SoundType soundType)
    {
        Sound s = Array.Find(this.sounds, sound => sound.soundType == soundType);

        s.source = gameObject.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
        s.source.clip = s.clip;

        // We define volume and pitch here to be able to change them in real time
        s.source.volume = s.volume;
        s.source.pitch = s.pitch;
        s.source.Play();
    }
}

只要我在定义了 gameObject (包含此 MonoBehaviour)的场景中启动它，它就可以很好地工作。但是，出于某些调试目的，我确实单独启动了一些场景，并且未定义包含 AudioManager 的 gameObject 。我应该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

所以有两个任务:

• 您需要AudioManager或者实际上更好地说 AudioSource实例可访问/实例化到任何场景
• 您想要填充 List<Audio clip>

为了将两者结合在一起，我将使用 ScriptableObject

[CreateAssetMenu]
public class AudioData : ScriptableObject
{
    public List<Sound> sounds = new List<Sound>();
}

通过在资源中右键单击创建实例 → 创建 → AudioData

在这里您可以填充 Sounds 的列表.

然后我会直接使用带有惰性实例化的单例，以便在场景中找不到任何单例时甚至可以与 [RuntimeInitializeOnLoadMethod] 结合使用来初始化一个单例。

Methods marked [RuntimeInitializeOnLoadMethod] are invoked after the game has been loaded.

这毕竟叫Awake调用完成后，要么实例存在，要么现在创建。

像这样的东西

public class AudioManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    // if you have it in the scene you can reference these right away
    [SerializeField] private AudioData audioData;
    [SerializeField] private AudioSource audioSource;

    // backing field for actually store the Singleton instance
    private static AudioManager _instance;

    // public access for the Singleton
    // and lazy instantiation if not exists
    public static AudioManager Instance
    {
        get
        {
            // if exists directly return
            if(_instance) return instance;

            // otherwise search it in the scene
            _instance = FindObjectOfType<AudioManager>();

            // found it?
            if(_instance) return instance;

            // otherwise create and initialize it
            CreateInstance();

            return _instance;
        }
    }

    private void Awake()
    {
        if (_instance && _instance != this)
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
            return;
        }

        InitializeInstance(this);
    }

    [RuntimeInitializeOnLoadMethod]
    private static void CreateInstance()
    {
        // skip if already exists
        if(_instance) return;

        InitializeInstance(new GameObject (nameof(AudioManager)).AddComponent<AudioManager>());         
    }

    private static void InitializeInstance(AudioManager instance)
    {
        _instance = instance;
        DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
        if(!_instance.audioSource) _instance.audioSource = _instance.AddComponent<AudioSource>();

        if(_instance.audioData) return;

        var audioDatas = Resources.FindObjectsOfType<AudioData>();
        if(audioDatas.Length == 0)
        {
            Debug.LogError("No Instance of AudioData found! Don't forget to create that ScriptableObject!");
            return;
        }

        _instance.audioData = audioDatas[0];
    }

    public void Play(SoundType soundType)
    {
        Sound s = audioData.sounds.First(sound => sound.soundType == soundType);

        s.source = audioSource;
        s.source.clip = s.clip;

        // We define volume and pitch here to be able to change them in real time
        s.source.volume = s.volume;
        s.source.pitch = s.pitch;
        s.source.Play();
    }
}