awk - 使用 awk 进行 vlookup : how to match groups/patterns with ids

Question

我正在使用 awk，并且想要对与主列表 id 匹配的组模式执行 vlookup 之类的操作

master.txt

1.1.1: name00
1.1.2: name01
1.1.3: name02
1.1.4: name03
1.1.5: name04
1.2.2: name05
1.2.3: name06
1.2.4: name07
1.2.5: name08
1.2.6: name09
1.3.13: name10
1.3.14: name11
1.3.15: name12
1.3.16: name13
1.3.17: name14

group.txt

1.1: groupvalue0
1.2: groupvalue1
1.3: groupvalue2
1.1: groupvalue10
1.3: groupvalue12

每个组可以有多个值

组1.1对应的主数据:这里 (^1.1.) 匹配下面的内容(仅从头开始匹配)

1.1.1: name00
1.1.2: name01
1.1.3: name02
1.1.4: name03
1.1.5: name04

1.2 类似这里 (^1.2.) 匹配下面的内容(仅从头开始匹配)

1.2.2: name05
1.2.3: name06
1.2.4: name07
1.2.5: name08
1.2.6: name09

根据匹配，我希望结果为

name00: groupvalue0  # 1.1.1 just shown for reference
name01: groupvalue0  # 1.1.2 just shown for reference
name02: groupvalue0  # 1.1.3 just shown for reference
name03: groupvalue0  # 1.1.4 just shown for reference
name04: groupvalue0  # 1.1.5 just shown for reference
name05: groupvalue1  # 1.2.2 just shown for reference
name06: groupvalue1  # 1.2.3 just shown for reference
name07: groupvalue1  # 1.2.4 just shown for reference
name08: groupvalue1  # 1.2.5 just shown for reference
name09: groupvalue1  # 1.2.6 just shown for reference
name10: groupvalue2  # 1.3.13 just shown for reference
name11: groupvalue2  # 1.3.14 just shown for reference
name12: groupvalue2  # 1.3.15 just shown for reference
name13: groupvalue2  # 1.3.16 just shown for reference
name14: groupvalue2  # 1.3.17 just shown for reference
name00: groupvalue10  # 1.1.1 just shown for reference
name01: groupvalue10  # 1.1.2 just shown for reference
name02: groupvalue10  # 1.1.3 just shown for reference
name03: groupvalue10  # 1.1.4 just shown for reference
name04: groupvalue10  # 1.1.5 just shown for reference
name10: groupvalue12  # 1.3.13 just shown for reference
name11: groupvalue12  # 1.3.14 just shown for reference
name12: groupvalue12  # 1.3.15 just shown for reference
name13: groupvalue12  # 1.3.16 just shown for reference
name14: groupvalue12  # 1.3.17 just shown for reference

我正在尝试使用下面的 awk 代码。但如何在数组中使用模式。

BEGIN{
    FS=": "
    #print(var)
}
{ 
  if(NR==FNR)         # process first file only
  {                    
    a[$1]=$2;           # hash to a array {id is key, name} value
    next;               # process next record without executing following code
  } else
  {                    # process second file
    pattern= "^"$1"\..*" # eg: ^1\.1\..*
    # can i use pattern in array
    print a[pattern]":",$2  # output name (the value of) from array a and property
  }

} master.txt group.txt

Answer 1

即使您的输入包含其他 : 或空格，而不仅仅是示例中显示的内容，以下内容也将起作用:

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN { OFS=": " }
{
    group = substr($0,match($0,/[0-9]+\.[0-9]+/),RLENGTH)
    name  = substr($0,match($0,/[^:]+: */)+RLENGTH)
}
NR==FNR {
    map[group,++cnt[group]] = name
    next
}
{
    for (i=1; i<=cnt[group]; i++) {
        print map[group,i], name
    }
}

.

$ awk -f tst.awk master.txt group.txt
name00: groupvalue0
name01: groupvalue0
name02: groupvalue0
name03: groupvalue0
name04: groupvalue0
name05: groupvalue1
name06: groupvalue1
name07: groupvalue1
name08: groupvalue1
name09: groupvalue1
name10: groupvalue2
name11: groupvalue2
name12: groupvalue2
name13: groupvalue2
name14: groupvalue2
name00: groupvalue10
name01: groupvalue10
name02: groupvalue10
name03: groupvalue10
name04: groupvalue10
name10: groupvalue12
name11: groupvalue12
name12: groupvalue12
name13: groupvalue12
name14: groupvalue12