cobol - 如何纠正 COBOL 程序 SYSOUT 假脱机中打印输出时的逻辑错误？

Question

这是cobol代码

     *-----------------------
       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
      *-----------------------
       PROGRAM-ID.    TOPACCTS
       AUTHOR.        Otto B. Boolean.
      *--------------------
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
      *--------------------
       INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
       FILE-CONTROL.
           SELECT PRINT-LINE ASSIGN TO PRTLINE.
           SELECT CUST-RECS   ASSIGN TO CUSTRECS.
      *-------------
       DATA DIVISION.
      *-------------
       FILE SECTION.
       FD  PRINT-LINE RECORDING MODE F.
       01  PRINT-REC.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  LAST-NAME-O    PIC X(25).
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  ACCT-BALANCE-O PIC X(18).
           05  FILLER         PIC X(33) VALUE SPACES.
      *
       FD  CUST-RECS RECORDING MODE F.
       01  CUSTOMER-REC.
           05  LAST-NAME          PIC X(25).
           05  FILLER             PIC X(10) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FIRST-NAME         PIC X(15).
           05  FILLER             PIC X(10) VALUE SPACES.
           05  ACCT-BALANCE       PIC X(18).
           05  FILLER             PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.


      *
       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01  Filler.
           05 LASTREC          PIC X VALUE SPACE.
           05 TOTL             PIC 9(2) VALUE ZEROS.
           05 SUB1             PIC 9(2) VALUE 01.
           05 S                PIC X(12) VALUE "8,500,000.00".

      *
         01 OVERLIMIT.
           03 FILLER OCCURS 20 TIMES.
               05  OL-ACCT-NO            PIC X(8).
               05  OL-ACCT-LIMIT         PIC S9(7)V99 COMP-3.
               05  OL-ACCT-BALANCE       PIC S9(7)V99 COMP-3.
               05  OL-LASTNAME           PIC X(20).
               05  OL-FIRSTNAME          PIC X(15).
      *
       01  HEADER-1.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(20) 
                     VALUE 'Financial Report for'.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(01) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(14) 
                     VALUE "Account holder".
           05  FILLER         PIC X(45) VALUE SPACES.
      *
       01  HEADER-2.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(05) VALUE 'Year '.
           05  HDR-YR         PIC 9(04).
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(06) VALUE 'Month '.
           05  HDR-MO         PIC X(02).
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(04) VALUE 'Day '.
           05  HDR-DAY        PIC X(02).
           05  FILLER         PIC X(56) VALUE SPACES.
      *
       01  HEADER-3.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(08) VALUE 'No.'. 
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(10) VALUE 'Cust Name '.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(15) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(08) VALUE 'Balance '.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(40) VALUE SPACES.
      *
       01  HEADER-4.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(08) VALUE '--------'.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(10) VALUE '----------'.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(15) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(10) VALUE '----------'.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(02) VALUE SPACES.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(13) VALUE '-------------'.
           05  FILLER         PIC X(40) VALUE SPACES.
      *
       01 WS-CURRENT-DATE-DATA.
           05  WS-CURRENT-DATE.
               10  WS-CURRENT-YEAR         PIC 9(04).
               10  WS-CURRENT-MONTH        PIC 9(02).
               10  WS-CURRENT-DAY          PIC 9(02).
           05  WS-CURRENT-TIME.
               10  WS-CURRENT-HOURS        PIC 9(02).
               10  WS-CURRENT-MINUTE       PIC 9(02).
               10  WS-CURRENT-SECOND       PIC 9(02).
               10  WS-CURRENT-MILLISECONDS PIC 9(02).
      *
      *------------------
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
      *------------------
       OPEN-FILES.
           OPEN INPUT  CUST-RECS.
           OPEN OUTPUT PRINT-LINE.
           DISPLAY HEADER-1.
           PERFORM WRITE-HEADERS.
           DISPLAY 'PREPARED ON ' HDR-DAY '.' HDR-MO '.' HDR-YR.
           DISPLAY '# OF RECORDS: ' TOTL.
           DISPLAY '==========================================='.
           PERFORM READ-NEXT-RECORD.
           
           
      *
       WRITE-HEADERS.
           MOVE FUNCTION CURRENT-DATE TO WS-CURRENT-DATE-DATA.
           MOVE WS-CURRENT-YEAR  TO HDR-YR.
           MOVE WS-CURRENT-MONTH TO HDR-MO.
           MOVE WS-CURRENT-DAY   TO HDR-DAY.
           MOVE SPACES TO PRINT-REC.
           WRITE PRINT-REC AFTER ADVANCING 1 LINES.
           MOVE SPACES TO PRINT-REC.
      *
      *
       READ-NEXT-RECORD.
           PERFORM READ-RECORD
            PERFORM UNTIL LASTREC = 'Y'
            PERFORM THE-RICH
            PERFORM WRITE-RECORD
            PERFORM READ-RECORD
            END-PERFORM.
           EXIT.
      *

      *
       READ-RECORD.
           READ CUST-RECS          
           AT END MOVE 'Y' TO LASTREC
           END-READ.
           EXIT.
      *
       THE-RICH.
           IF FUNCTION NUMVAL-C(S) < FUNCTION NUMVAL-C(ACCT-BALANCE)
            THEN
               DISPLAY LAST-NAME  ACCT-BALANCE
               MOVE ACCT-BALANCE TO ACCT-BALANCE-O
               MOVE LAST-NAME TO LAST-NAME-O
               ADD 1 TO SUB1
               MOVE SUB1 TO TOTL
            END-IF.
           EXIT.
 
      *
       WRITE-RECORD.
           MOVE ACCT-BALANCE TO  ACCT-BALANCE-O.
           MOVE LAST-NAME    TO  LAST-NAME-O.
      *    MOVE FIRST-NAME   TO  FIRST-NAME-O.
           WRITE PRINT-REC.
           EXIT.
      *

这是 SYSOUT 输出

 Financial Report for Account holder
 PREPARED ON 24.09.2020
 no OF RECORDS: 00
 ===========================================
 Maggie     Bignell        8,670,838.00
 Saw        Eckart         8,668,500.00
 Dede       Quickenden     8,667,260.00
 Allison    Oxshott        8,593,183.00
 Ambrose    Inch           8,557,403.00
 Leann      Lob            8,656,689.00
 Nevile     Roswarn        8,579,721.00
 Hedda      Littrell       8,598,965.00
 KonstantineMerner         8,557,306.00
 Heddie     Atwel          8,674,813.00
 Torie      Gimenez        8,662,345.00
 Lorraine   Van Hault      8,500,390.00
 Javier     Coltan         8,534,879.00
 Kissee     Kidston        8,650,707.00
 Benedikta  Spitell        8,589,633.00
 Niles      Garnson        8,649,886.00
 Alair      Sturrock       8,576,908.00
 Tandy      Pilgram        8,626,022.00
 Elfrida    Bamlet         8,540,474.00

 IGZ0020S A logic error occurred.  Neither FILE STATUS nor a declarative was specified for file CUSTRECS in program
          TOPACCTS at relative location X'414'.  The status code was 46.
          From compile unit TOPACCTS at entry point TOPACCTS at compile unit offset +00000414 at entry offset +00000414
          at address 1B800414.

Answer 1

如果您使用的是大型机 COBOL 编译器，请转到 documentation并选择您的版本。然后，您搜索“文件状态 key ”并查看文件状态 46 的含义。

A sequential READ statement was attempted on a file open in the inputor I-O mode and no valid next record had been established because:

• The preceding READ statement was unsuccessful but did not cause an at-end condition.
• The preceding READ statement caused an at-end condition.

请注意，在您的OPEN-FILES段落中，您执行READ-NEXT-RECORD，然后在到达文件末尾后进入其余代码。

您可能需要在第一段末尾添加 STOP RUN 或 GOBACK。

关于打印记录计数的编辑:确实没有一个好方法可以让记录计数显示在报告的顶部，因为在读取整个输入文件之前您不知道记录计数，但您'边走边重新打印报告行。大多数情况下，诸如记录计数之类的控制总数会被DISPLAY编辑(默认情况下会转到SYSOUT DD)，并且报告会转到FILE-CONTROL中定义的不同DD code> (通过 WRITE，就像您正在做的那样)。

关于打印记录计数的第二次编辑:正如@GilbertLeBlanc 指出的那样，您可以将输出行存储在表中，直到您读取输入文件中的所有记录。表中必须有足够的空间来处理所有输出记录，并且有多种不同的方法可以做到这一点。

• 您的表可以使用足够大的 OCCURS 子句进行静态定义，以处理您被告知的合理数量的记录。这在过去很常见，并且会有代码来检查是否超出了合理的数量，如果超出则异常终止。
• 您的表格可能会出现不同的 UNBOUNDED短语，受其限制，并使用 ALLOCATE 管理存储声明和 FREE声明。
• 您可以使用 LE Callable Services 进行自己的分配和重新分配 CEEGTST , CEEFRST ，和CEECZST .

吉尔伯特还指出，您可以读取该文件两次，一次是为了获取记录计数，然后关闭并重新打开以进行正常处理。只要您不使用 JCL 做一些棘手的事情，例如...

//TOPACCTS EXEC PGM=TOPACCTS
//SYSOUT   DD  SYSOUT=*
//CUSTRECS DD  DISP=SHR,DSN=MY.INPUT.FILE01
//CUSTRECS DD  DISP=SHR,DSN=MY.INPUT.FILE02
//CUSTRECS DD  DISP=SHR,DSN=MY.INPUT.FILE03
//PRTLINE  DD  SYSOUT=*
//PRTLINE  DD  SYSOUT=*
//PRTLINE  DD  SYSOUT=*

...每次关闭并打开 CUST-RECS 和 PRINT-LINE 时，您都会获得下一个 DD。但这是一个更高级的 JCL 主题，您在实践中可能不会经常遇到。