python - 如何生成一个随机值，然后使用 pop 方法将其删除？

Question

我试图从列表中获取一个随机名称，然后一旦打印出来，我想将其从该列表中删除，以便不再使用它。我想使用 pop 方法，但我不确定如何从列表中获取随机名称，因为 pop 方法(据我所知)只接受整数。

这是我的代码:

Boy = ['David','John','Paul','Mark','James','Andrew','Scott','Steven','Robert','Stephen','William','Craig','Michael'
       ,'Stuart','Christopher','Alan','Colin','Kevin','Gary','Richard','Derek','Martin','Thomas','Neil','Barry',
       'Ian','Jason','Iain','Gordon','Alexander','Graeme','Peter','Darren','Graham','George','Kenneth','Allan',
       'Simon','Douglas','Keith','Lee','Anthony','Grant','Ross','Jonathan','Gavin','Nicholas','Joseph','Stewart',
       'Daniel','Edward','Matthew','Donald','Fraser','Garry','Malcolm','Charles','Duncan','Alistair','Raymond',
       'Philip','Ronald','Ewan','Ryan','Francis','Bruce','Patrick','Alastair','Bryan','Marc','Jamie','Hugh','Euan',
       'Gerard','Sean','Wayne','Adam','Calum','Alasdair','Robin','Greig','Angus','Russell','Cameron','Roderick',
       'Norman','Murray','Gareth','DeanEric','Adrian','Gregor','Samuel','Gerald','Henry','Benjamin','Shaun','Callum',
       'Campbell','Frank','Roy','Timothy','Liam','Noah','Oliver','William','Elijah','James','Benjamin','Lucas',
       'Mason','Ethan','Alexander','Henry','Jacob','Michael','Daniel','Logan','Jackson','Sebastian','Jack','Aiden',
       'Owen','Samuel','Matthew','Joseph','Levi','Mateo','Wyatt','Carter','Julian','Luke','Grayson','Isaac','Jayden'
       ,'Theodore','Gabriel','Anthony','Dylan','Leo','Christopher','Josiah','Andrew','Thomas','Joshua','Ezra',
       'Hudson','Charles','Caleb','Isaiah','Ryan','Nathan','Adrian','Christian']

Girl = ['Emma','Ava','Sophia','Isabella','Charlotte','Amelia','Mia','Harper','Evelyn','Abigail','Emily','Ella',
        'Elizabeth','Camila','Luna','Sofia','Avery','Mila','Aria','Scarlett','Penelope','Layla','Chloe','Victoria',
        'Madison','Eleanor','Grace','Nora','Riley','Zoey','Hannah','Hazel','Lily','Ellie','Violet','Lillian','Zoe',
        'Stella','Aurora','Natalie','Emilia','Everly','Leah','Aubrey','Willow','Addison','Lucy','Audrey','Bella',
        'Nova','Brooklyn','Paisley','Savannah','Claire','Skylar','Isla','Genesis','Naomi','Elena','Caroline','Eliana'
        ,'Anna','Maya','Valentina','Ruby','Kennedy','Ivy','Ariana','Aaliyah','Cora','Madelyn','Alice','Kinsley',
        'Hailey','Gabriella','Allison','Gianna,Sarah','Autumn','Quinn','Eva','Piper','Sophie','Sadie','Delilah'
        ,'Josephine','Nevaeh','Adeline','Arya','Emery','Lydia','Clara','Vivian','Madeline','Peyton','Julia','Rylee',
        'Brielle','Reagan','Natalia','Jade'',Athena','Maria','Leilani','Everleigh','Liliana','Melanie','Mackenzie',
        'Hadley','Raelynn','Kaylee','Rose','Arianna','Isabelle','Melody','Eliza','Lyla','Katherine','Aubree',
        'Adalynn','Kylie','Faith','Marly','Margaret','Ximena','Iris','Alexandra','Jasmine','Charlie','Amaya',
        'Taylor','Isabel','Ashley','Khloe','Ryleigh','Alexa','Amara','Valeria','Andrea','Parker','Norah','Eden',
        'Elliana','Brianna','Emersyn','Valerie','Anastasia','Eloise','Emerson','Cecilia','Remi','Josie','Reese',
        'Bailey','Lucia','Adalyn','Molly','Ayla','Sara','Daisy','London','Jordyn','Esther','Genevieve','Harmony',
        'Annabelle','Alyssa','Ariel','Aliyah','Londyn','Juliana','Morgan','Summer','Juliette','Trinity','Callie',
        'Sienna','Blakely','Alaia','Kayla','Teagan','Alaina','Brynlee','Finley','Catalina','Sloane','Rachel','Lilly'
        ,'Ember']

def boyname():
    result = Boy.pop(insert code for random name here)
    print(result)
    print(Boy)

boynames = boyname()
print(boynames)

Answer 1

简单地说:

name = Boy.pop(random.randint(0, len(Boy)-1))

但是:您不应该这样做，尤其是在函数内部，因为它会影响调用者的列表(或者在您的情况下，包含列表的全局变量)。

考虑取随机子集的能力(没有副作用):

sample = random.sample(Boy, k)

例如，您可以对列表进行随机排序(即不进行替换的示例)，确保您仅“打印”每个值一次:

for name in random.sample(Boy, len(Boy)):
   ...

您甚至可以将其变成发电机，以获得无限乐趣:

from itertools import count

def pick(a, n_loops=None):
    """if n_loops is None: cycle endlessly"""
    counter = count()
    while n_loops is None or next(counter) < n_loops:
        yield from random.sample(a, len(a))

用法:

name_gen = pick(Boy)  # infinite generator: loops around shuffles;
                      # no repeat during a single loop
list(islice(name_gen, 5))

# or

names = pick(Boy, 1)  # one random shuffle of Boy

另一个有趣的例子:

for b, g in islice(zip(pick(Boy), pick(Girl)), 4):
    print(f'{b} and {g}')
# out:
Carter and Molly
Malcolm and Lydia
Sebastian and Ruby
Charles and Aliyah