java - Apache Pivot - 启动应用程序时出现 SerializationException

Question

我开始尝试 Apache Pivot，因为我想使用 XML 创建 Java GUI。

我关注了他们的Hello BXML tutorial在他们的网站上使用 Maven 项目。

这些是我正在使用的文件:

HelloBXML.java

package za.co.iriesoft;

import org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer;
import org.apache.pivot.collections.Map;
import org.apache.pivot.wtk.Application;
import org.apache.pivot.wtk.Display;
import org.apache.pivot.wtk.Window;

public class HelloBXML implements Application {
    private Window window = null;

    public void startup(Display display, Map<String, String> properties) throws Exception {
        BXMLSerializer bxmlSerializer = new BXMLSerializer();
        window = (Window) bxmlSerializer.readObject(HelloBXML.class, "hello.bxml");
        window.open(display);
    }

    public boolean shutdown(boolean optional) {
        if (window != null) {
            window.close();
        }

        return false;
    }

    public void suspend() {
    }

    public void resume() {
    }
}

hello.bxml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Window title="Hello BXML!" maximized="true"
    xmlns:bxml="http://pivot.apache.org/bxml"
    xmlns="org.apache.pivot.wtk">
    <Label text="Hello BXML!"
        styles="{font:'Arial bold 24', color:'#ff0000',
            horizontalAlignment:'center', verticalAlignment:'center'}"/>
</Window>

App.java

package za.co.iriesoft;

import org.apache.pivot.wtk.DesktopApplicationContext;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        DesktopApplicationContext.main(HelloBXML.class, args);

    }
}

当我运行应用程序时，出现异常:

Exception: An error occurred at line number 4 in file /C:/Apps/java/java-ws-client/target/classes/za/co/iriesoft/hello.bxml:
org.apache.pivot.serialization.SerializationException: An error occurred at line number 4 in file /C:/Apps/java/java-ws-client/target/classes/za/co/iriesoft/hello.bxml:
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.logException(BXMLSerializer.java:1516)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:514)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:684)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:639)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:600)
    at za.co.iriesoft.HelloBXML.startup(HelloBXML.java:14)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.DesktopApplicationContext$2.run(DesktopApplicationContext.java:666)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.ApplicationContext$QueuedCallback.run(ApplicationContext.java:1690)
    at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(InvocationEvent.java:311)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:756)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$500(EventQueue.java:97)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:709)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:703)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$JavaSecurityAccessImpl.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:80)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:726)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:201)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:116)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:105)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:101)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:93)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:82)
Caused by: org.apache.pivot.serialization.SerializationException: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.processStartElement(BXMLSerializer.java:829)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:493)
    ... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Component.installSkin(Component.java:807)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Window.<init>(Window.java:472)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Window.<init>(Window.java:467)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.newTypedObject(BXMLSerializer.java:1697)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.processStartElement(BXMLSerializer.java:827)
    ... 21 more
Caused by: org.apache.pivot.wtk.ThemeNotFoundException: A theme could not be located.
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Theme.<clinit>(Theme.java:77)
    ... 31 more
org.apache.pivot.serialization.SerializationException: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.processStartElement(BXMLSerializer.java:829)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:493)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:684)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:639)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.readObject(BXMLSerializer.java:600)
    at za.co.iriesoft.HelloBXML.startup(HelloBXML.java:14)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.DesktopApplicationContext$2.run(DesktopApplicationContext.java:666)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.ApplicationContext$QueuedCallback.run(ApplicationContext.java:1690)
    at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(InvocationEvent.java:311)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:756)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$500(EventQueue.java:97)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:709)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:703)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$JavaSecurityAccessImpl.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:80)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:726)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:201)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:116)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:105)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:101)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:93)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:82)
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Component.installSkin(Component.java:807)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Window.<init>(Window.java:472)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Window.<init>(Window.java:467)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.newTypedObject(BXMLSerializer.java:1697)
    at org.apache.pivot.beans.BXMLSerializer.processStartElement(BXMLSerializer.java:827)
    ... 21 more
Caused by: org.apache.pivot.wtk.ThemeNotFoundException: A theme could not be located.
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Theme.<clinit>(Theme.java:77)
    ... 31 more
Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.pivot.wtk.Theme
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.Component.installSkin(Component.java:807)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.TextArea.<init>(TextArea.java:603)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.ApplicationContext.defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(ApplicationContext.java:2134)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.ApplicationContext.handleUncaughtException(ApplicationContext.java:2155)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.DesktopApplicationContext$2.run(DesktopApplicationContext.java:669)
    at org.apache.pivot.wtk.ApplicationContext$QueuedCallback.run(ApplicationContext.java:1690)
    at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(InvocationEvent.java:311)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:756)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$500(EventQueue.java:97)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:709)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:703)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$JavaSecurityAccessImpl.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:80)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:726)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:201)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:116)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:105)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:101)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:93)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:82)

有人知道可能是什么问题吗？我一整天都在努力尝试不同的 IDE，并在 Google 和他们的错误数据库中搜索答案，但没有结果。

我在 Windows 10、Java SDK 1.8.0_152 上运行

Answer 1

我猜您的类路径中没有“pivot-wtk-terra...jar”文件。潜在的错误似乎是“无法找到主题”。该主题就是这个“...terra...jar”文件。