R错误 "could not find function ' multiplot'“使用Cookbook示例

Question

想在一页上绘制两个 ggplots。以 Cookbook for R 为例但它不起作用。错误是找不到函数“multiplot”。

但是 ggplots 是可绘制的，我还重新安装了 R、ggplot2、重新启动等等。我做错了什么吗？

library(ggplot2)

# This example uses the ChickWeight dataset, which comes with ggplot2
# First plot
p1 <- 
  ggplot(ChickWeight, aes(x=Time, y=weight, colour=Diet, group=Chick)) +
  geom_line() +
  ggtitle("Growth curve for individual chicks")

# Second plot
p2 <- 
  ggplot(ChickWeight, aes(x=Time, y=weight, colour=Diet)) +
  geom_point(alpha=.3) +
  geom_smooth(alpha=.2, size=1) +
  ggtitle("Fitted growth curve per diet")

# Third plot
p3 <- 
  ggplot(subset(ChickWeight, Time==21), aes(x=weight, colour=Diet)) +
  geom_density() +
  ggtitle("Final weight, by diet")

# Fourth plot
p4 <- 
  ggplot(subset(ChickWeight, Time==21), aes(x=weight, fill=Diet)) +
  geom_histogram(colour="black", binwidth=50) +
  facet_grid(Diet ~ .) +
  ggtitle("Final weight, by diet") +
  theme(legend.position="none")        # No legend (redundant in this graph)    

multiplot(p1, p2, p3, p4, cols=2)

Answer 1

引用您链接到的页面:

The easy way is to use the multiplot function, defined at the bottom of this page. If it isn't suitable for your needs, you can copy and modify it.

代码是:

# Multiple plot function
#
# ggplot objects can be passed in ..., or to plotlist (as a list of ggplot objects)
# - cols:   Number of columns in layout
# - layout: A matrix specifying the layout. If present, 'cols' is ignored.
#
# If the layout is something like matrix(c(1,2,3,3), nrow=2, byrow=TRUE),
# then plot 1 will go in the upper left, 2 will go in the upper right, and
# 3 will go all the way across the bottom.
#
multiplot <- function(..., plotlist=NULL, file, cols=1, layout=NULL) {
  require(grid)

  # Make a list from the ... arguments and plotlist
  plots <- c(list(...), plotlist)

  numPlots = length(plots)

  # If layout is NULL, then use 'cols' to determine layout
  if (is.null(layout)) {
    # Make the panel
    # ncol: Number of columns of plots
    # nrow: Number of rows needed, calculated from # of cols
    layout <- matrix(seq(1, cols * ceiling(numPlots/cols)),
                    ncol = cols, nrow = ceiling(numPlots/cols))
  }

 if (numPlots==1) {
    print(plots[[1]])

  } else {
    # Set up the page
    grid.newpage()
    pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(nrow(layout), ncol(layout))))

    # Make each plot, in the correct location
    for (i in 1:numPlots) {
      # Get the i,j matrix positions of the regions that contain this subplot
      matchidx <- as.data.frame(which(layout == i, arr.ind = TRUE))

      print(plots[[i]], vp = viewport(layout.pos.row = matchidx$row,
                                      layout.pos.col = matchidx$col))
    }
  }
}