java - RestTemplate 测试时出现错误请求

Question

我有一个问题，当我使用 Maven 测试我的测试应用程序时，它显示 400 Bad Request。我使用带有基本身份验证和 grant_type password 的 oauth2。如果我用Postman之类的程序进行身份验证。有用。但如果我添加带有 Http-Headers 的基本身份验证，我会收到错误的请求。

我尝试从 HttpEntity 中删除 HttpHeaders() 对象，然后收到 401 Unauthorized。我尝试将加密 header 手动放入 HttpHeaders() 对象中，但这也导致了 400 Bad Request。如果我使用 Postman 执行请求，请选择 POST 作为方法，选择 Basic Auth 作为身份验证，使用用户名、密码、grant_type 作为 Body(JSON) 它可以工作。

这是我的测试类(class) @SpringBootTest 公共(public)类 TestAppApplicationTests {

    private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();


    @Test
    public void testOauthToken(){

        String plainCreds = "client:topsecret";
        byte[] plainCredsBytes = plainCreds.getBytes();
        byte[] base64CredsBytes = Base64.encodeBase64(plainCredsBytes);
        String base64Creds = new String(base64CredsBytes);

        Object oauthRequest = new OauthRequest("Lukas", "test123", "password");

        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Authorization", "Basic "+ base64Creds);
        HttpEntity<Object> reqData = new HttpEntity<>(oauthRequest, headers);

        ResponseEntity<Object> entity  = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/oauth/token", HttpMethod.POST,
            reqData,
            Object.class);

    }


}

这是我的OauthRequest 类

@Data
public class OauthRequest {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String grant_type;

    public OauthRequest(String username, String password, String grant_type){
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.grant_type = grant_type;
    }
}

我想从服务器获取access_token和refresh_token。

编辑:我这里有一个不起作用的存储库，如果您想了解有关代码的更多信息:https://github.com/precodeeu/test-spring-oauth

编辑²:如果我在其中放入原始 json 字符串，它也不起作用。

    OauthRequest oauthRequest = new OauthRequest("Lukas", "test123", "password");
    String json;

    try {
        json = mapper.writeValueAsString(oauthRequest);
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64Creds);
        headers.add("Content-Type", "application/json");
        HttpEntity<Object> reqData = new HttpEntity<>(json, headers);

        ResponseEntity<Object> entity = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/oauth/token", HttpMethod.POST,
                reqData,
                Object.class);

    } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

编辑³我刚刚注意到，内容类型应该是 Application_form_urlencoded

解决方案:我已经更新了代码并构建了一个 Stringbuilder

@SpringBootTest公共(public)类 TestAppApplicationTests {

private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();


private String UrlEncodedBuilder(List<String[]> list){
    String returnString = "";
    for(String[] param : list){
        returnString+=param[0]+"="+param[1]+"&";
    }

    return returnString;
}

@Test
public void testOauthToken() {

    String plainCreds = "client:topsecret";
    byte[] plainCredsBytes = plainCreds.getBytes();
    byte[] base64CredsBytes = Base64.encodeBase64(plainCredsBytes);
    String base64Creds = new String(base64CredsBytes);

    List<String[]> formData = new ArrayList();

    formData.add(new String[]{"username", "Lukas"});
    formData.add(new String[]{"password", "test123"});
    formData.add(new String[]{"grant_type", "password"});

    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
    headers.add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64Creds);
    HttpEntity<Object> reqData = new HttpEntity<>(UrlEncodedBuilder(formData), headers);

    ResponseEntity<Object> entity = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8080/oauth/token", HttpMethod.POST,
            reqData,
            Object.class);


}
}

Answer 1

首先，调查您的请求到底是什么样子，并将其与有效的请求进行比较。如果出现 400 代码，还要检查响应正文，正文可能包含一些提示。