R:将不规则长度的文本转换为数据帧

Question

使用 readlines 导入后的文本的简化示例:

text <- c("just", "stuff", "nothing", "interesting", "date", "06.05.2022", 
"number", "1/3892", "adress", "north street 45", "name", "peter miller", 
"just", "stuff", "nothing", "interesting", "date", "06.05.2022", 
"number", "5/7283", "adress", "south street 11, fareaway", "west street 4", 
"name", "john snow", "just", "stuff", "nothing", "interesting", 
"date", "06.05.2022", "number", "7/112563", "adress", "island street 348", 
"planet street 11, tortuga", "calvary road 9", "name", "hogson, michael", 
"jobs, steve", "just", "stuff", "nothing", "interesting", "date", 
"06.05.2022", "number", "2/1575", "adress", "bowland road 2, mexiko", 
"name", "michael myers", "terry jones", "olivia wilde", "just", 
"stuff", "nothing", "interesting", "date", "06.05.2022", "number", 
"1/93375", "adress", "sunset boulevard", "name", "harrison ford")

相同的模式总是重复，我想要一个像这样的数据框:

<表类=“s-表”><标题>日期数字地址姓名 <正文>2022年5月6日5/7283南街11号、远方、西街4号约翰·斯诺2022年5月6日7/112563island street 348, Planet street 11, tortuga, calvary road 9霍 Gson 、迈克尔、乔布斯、史蒂夫

总是有确切的一个日期、一个数字、一个或多个地址以及一个或多个姓名。 “只是没什么有趣的东西”也总是相同的，并且可以可靠地用于检测名称的结尾。

我想这可以通过循环来实现，但我放弃了尝试。或者有没有一个函数可以处理这种异常情况？ (甚至不确定长度是否是正确的词，我希望我的意思很清楚......)

Answer 1

在 Base R 中，您可以将文本重写为有效的 DCF 并读入。

x <- paste(text, collapse = ' ')
x <- gsub('just stuff nothing interesting', '', x)
x <- gsub('(name|number|adress)', '\n\\1:', x)
x <- gsub("date", "\n\ndate:", x)
read.dcf(textConnection(x), all = TRUE)

        date   number                                                     adress                                   name
1 06.05.2022   1/3892                                            north street 45                           peter miller
2 06.05.2022   5/7283                    south street 11, fareaway west street 4                              john snow
3 06.05.2022 7/112563 island street 348 planet street 11, tortuga calvary road 9            hogson, michael jobs, steve
4 06.05.2022   2/1575                                     bowland road 2, mexiko michael myers terry jones olivia wilde
5 06.05.2022  1/93375                                           sunset boulevard                          harrison ford

请注意，您可以运行 cat(x) 来查看有效的 DCF 是什么样的

使用 tidyverse:

text %>%
  str_replace("^(number|name|adress|date)", "\n\\1:") %>%
  str_replace("^(\ndate)", "\n\\1")%>%
  str_c(collapse = " ")%>%
  str_remove_all("just stuff nothing interesting") %>%
  textConnection()%>%
  read.dcf(all = TRUE)