json - ContextualDeserializer，用于使用 Jackson 将 JSON 映射到不同类型的映射

Question

此 JSON 片段应映射到包含 cars 的 Java 对象类型字段Map<String, Car>和一个 bikes类型字段Map<String, Bike> 。由于自行车和汽车在 JSON 文件中可能是空字符串，因此我需要一个自定义反序列化器 ( See this question )。

{
    "id" : "1234",
    "name" : "John Doe",
    "cars" : {
        "Tesla Model S" : {
            "color" : "silver",
            "buying_date" : "2012-06-01"
        },
        "Toyota Yaris" : {
            "color" : "blue",
            "buying_date" : "2005-01-01"
        }
    },
    "bikes" : {
        "Bike 1" : {
            "color" : "black"
        },
        "Bike 2" : {
            "color" : "red"
        }
    }
}

我考虑过拥有一个可以由createContextual(DeserializationConfig cfg, BeanProperty property)返回的通用自定义反序列化器的实例。方法ContextualDeserializer基于 BeanProperty 参数。通用的自定义反序列化器如下所示:

public class MapsGenericDeserializer<T> extends
        JsonDeserializer<Map<String, T>> {

    private ObjectMapper mapper; // ObjectMapper without special map deserializer

    public MapsGenericDeserializer(ObjectMapper mapper) {
        this.mapper = mapper;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, T> deserialize(JsonParser jp, DeserializationContext ctxt)
            throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        ObjectCodec codec = jp.getCodec();
        JsonNode node = codec.readTree(jp);
        if (!"".equals(node.getTextValue())) {
            return mapper.readValue(node, 
                    new TypeReference<Map<String, T>>() {});
        }
        return null; // Node was an empty string
    }
}

下面的上下文序列化器不起作用，因为从 MapsGenericDeserializer<Car> 进行转换至JsonDeserializer<Map<String,?>>不可能。也许这在较新版本的 Java 中是可能的，但它不适用于我正在编码的 Android 版本。那么我怎样才能实现所需的行为呢？

public class MapsDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<Map<String, ?>>
        implements ContextualDeserializer<Map<String, ?>> {

    private ObjectMapper mapper;

    MapsGenericDeserializer<Car> carDeserializer = new MapsGenericDeserializer<Car>(mapper);
    MapsGenericDeserializer<Bike> bikeDeserializer = new MapsGenericDeserializer<Bike>(mapper);

    public MapsDeserializer(ObjectMapper mapper) {
        this.mapper = mapper;
    }

    @Override
    public JsonDeserializer<Map<String, ?>> createContextual(DeserializationConfig cfg,
            BeanProperty property) throws JsonMappingException {

        Class<?> targetClass = property.getType().containedType(1).getRawClass();

        if(targetClass.equals(Car.class) { 
            return carDeserializer; // Type mismatch!
        } else if (targetClass.equals(Bike.class)) {
            return bikeDeserializer; // Type mismatch!
        } else {
            return this;
        }
    }

    // ...
}

Answer 1

这是我可能采取的方法。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonNode;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParser;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonProcessingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.Version;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.BeanProperty;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ContextualDeserializer;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationConfig;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationContext;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonDeserializer;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.module.SimpleModule;

public class Foo
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
  {
    EmptyStringAsMapDeserializer<Map<String, ?>> emptyStringAsMapDeserializer = 
        new EmptyStringAsMapDeserializer<Map<String, ?>>(null, new ObjectMapper());

    SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule("ThingsDeserializer", Version.unknownVersion());
    module.addDeserializer(Map.class, emptyStringAsMapDeserializer);

    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper().withModule(module);

    Person person = mapper.readValue(new File("input.json"), Person.class);
    System.out.println(mapper.writeValueAsString(person));
  }
}

class Person
{
  public int id;
  public String name;
  public Map<String, Car> cars;
  public Map<String, Bike> bikes;
}

class Car
{
  public String color;
  public String buying_date;
}

class Bike
{
  public String color;
}

class EmptyStringAsMapDeserializer<T>
    extends JsonDeserializer<Map<String, ?>>
    implements ContextualDeserializer<Map<String, ?>>
{
  private Class<?> targetType;
  private ObjectMapper mapper;

  EmptyStringAsMapDeserializer(Class<?> targetType, ObjectMapper mapper)
  {
    this.targetType = targetType;
    this.mapper = mapper;
  }

  @Override
  public JsonDeserializer<Map<String, ?>> createContextual(DeserializationConfig config, BeanProperty property)
      throws JsonMappingException
  {
    return new EmptyStringAsMapDeserializer<Object>(property.getType().containedType(1).getRawClass(), mapper);
  }

  @Override
  public Map<String, ?> deserialize(JsonParser jp, DeserializationContext ctxt)
      throws IOException, JsonProcessingException
  {
    JsonNode node = jp.readValueAsTree();
    if ("".equals(node.getTextValue()))
      return new HashMap<String, Object>();
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    return mapper.readValue(node, mapper.getTypeFactory().constructMapType(Map.class, String.class, targetType));
  }
}

泛型类型参数可能有点乱。我做了一些快速复制粘贴。