java - 在 Marshmallow(6.0+) 设备上的 onCreateViewHolder 方法中膨胀 RecyclerView 项目的布局时抛出 "android.view.InflateException"

Question

我使用 v7:28.0.0 支持库使用 RecyclerView 创建了一个应用程序，测试时该应用程序在 Android 8.0+ 设备上运行良好。但是当使用 Android 6.0/6.0.1 设备时，应用程序崩溃并显示:

E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main

android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #38: Binary XML file line #38: Error inflating class <unknown>

Gradle 文件:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.toastinterceptor"
        minSdkVersion 23
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner 
"androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0-alpha05'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.0-beta1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0-alpha06'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13-beta-3'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0-beta01'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0-beta01'

//    support dependencies
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0'

//    Room dependencies
    def room_version = "2.1.0-beta01"
    implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version"
    annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version"
    testImplementation "androidx.room:room-testing:$room_version"

//    support design dependencies
    implementation "com.android.support:design:28.0.0"
    implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.0.0'
}

Activity 主线:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:orientation="vertical">

<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
    android:id="@+id/rv"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:listitem="@layout/rv_list"
    android:scrollbars="vertical"
    app:layoutManager="androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager"
    />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/empty_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:visibility="gone"
    android:text="@string/nothing_to_show" />

rv_list:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:background="@drawable/border"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="5dp">

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_date"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="0.8"
        android:gravity="center_vertical"
        android:hint="@string/event_time"
        android:textSize="15sp" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_options"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="0.1"
        android:contentDescription="@string/options_icon"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_garbage" />
</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_icon"
        android:layout_width="65dp"
        android:layout_height="65dp"
        android:contentDescription="@string/app_icon"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_foreground" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:divider="@drawable/divider_horizontal"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:showDividers="middle"
        android:padding="5dp">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_pkgName"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="@string/package_name"
            android:paddingLeft="5dp"
            android:paddingRight="5dp"
            android:textSize="15sp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_msg"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="@string/toast_content"
            android:paddingLeft="5dp"
            android:paddingRight="5dp"
            android:textSize="15sp" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

样式:

<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
    <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
    <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
    <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>

<style name="AppTheme.NoActionBar">
    <item name="windowActionBar">true</item>
    <item name="windowNoTitle">false</item>
</style>

<style name="AppTheme.AppBarOverlay" parent="ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar" />

<style name="AppTheme.PopupOverlay" parent="ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light" />

RecyclerView.Adapter类:

public class ToastListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ToastListAdapter.ToastViewHolder> {

private Context context;
private LayoutInflater inflater;
private List<ToastEntity> toasts = Collections.emptyList();
private ToastRepository toastRepository;

ToastListAdapter(Application application) {
    this.context = application.getApplicationContext();
    inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    toastRepository = new ToastRepository(application);
}

void setToasts(List<ToastEntity> toasts) {
    this.toasts = toasts;
    notifyDataSetChanged();
}


@NonNull
@Override
public ToastViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.rv_list, parent, false);
    return new ToastViewHolder(view);
}
...
...
class ToastViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
    private TextView tv_date, tv_pkgName, tv_msg;
    private ImageView iv_icon, iv_options;

    ToastViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        tv_date = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_date);
        tv_pkgName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_pkgName);
        tv_msg = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_msg);
        iv_options = itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_options);
        iv_icon = itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_icon);

    }
}
}

调试:

E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.toastinterceptor, PID: 7581
android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #38: Binary XML file line #38: Error inflating class <unknown>
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:539)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
    at com.example.toastinterceptor.ToastListAdapter.onCreateViewHolder(ToastListAdapter.java:46)
    at com.example.toastinterceptor.ToastListAdapter.onCreateViewHolder(ToastListAdapter.java:24)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Adapter.createViewHolder(RecyclerView.java:6949)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler.tryGetViewHolderForPositionByDeadline(RecyclerView.java:6118)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler.getViewForPosition(RecyclerView.java:6001)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler.getViewForPosition(RecyclerView.java:5997)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager$LayoutState.next(LinearLayoutManager.java:2227)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.layoutChunk(LinearLayoutManager.java:1558)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.fill(LinearLayoutManager.java:1518)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.onLayoutChildren(LinearLayoutManager.java:613)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchLayoutStep2(RecyclerView.java:4032)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchLayout(RecyclerView.java:3749)
    at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.onLayout(RecyclerView.java:4302)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:2001)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:1844)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:1753)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:396)
    at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:333)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:2001)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:1844)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:1753)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:396)
    at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:333)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:2001)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:1844)
    at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:1753)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:396)
    at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:333)
    at com.android.internal.policy.PhoneWindow$DecorView.onLayout(PhoneWindow.java:2763)
    at android.view.View.layout(View.java:17211)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:5584)
    at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performLayout(ViewRootImpl.java:2640)
    at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:2285)
    at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1343)
    at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:6826)
    at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:901)
    at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:703)
    at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:638)
    at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:887)
    at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:815)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:104)
    at android.os.Loope
Application terminated.

如何让应用程序在Android 6.0以上版本上运行？支持库是否适用于 6.0 及以上的 Android 版本？我可以使用多个版本的支持库，还是必须为较低的 Android 版本完全删除 RecyclerView 等组件。请帮忙。

Answer 1

该错误提示 rv_list 第 38 行。即:

android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_foreground"

在典型的 Android Studio 项目中，ic_launcher_foreground 定义在 res/drawable-v24/ 中。这表示“仅在 API 级别 24 及更高级别的设备上使用此资源”。因此，除非您已执行某些操作来创建可在旧设备上运行的此资源的另一个版本，否则您无法在 Android 6.0(API 级别 23)及更低版本上膨胀您的布局。

您需要 android:src 属性来指向您在所有 Android 版本上拥有的可绘制资源。或者，如果您计划在运行时填充 ImageView，请从布局中删除 android:src。