java - 我可以让 @BeforeTest 和 @AfterTest 仅针对一组测试运行吗？

Question

我正在为一个具有多个模块的项目构建一个测试框架。目前，我的 testng.xml 中有两个测试。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Suite">
  <listeners>
    <listener class-name = "listener-class" />
  </listeners>
  <test thread-count="5" name="frontEnd">
  <parameter name="URL" value="front-end-url" />
    <classes>
      <class name="frontendTestRunner"/>
    </classes>
  </test>
  <test thread-count="5" name="Backend">
  <parameter name="URL" value="back-end-url" /> 
    <classes>
      <class name="backendtestrunner"/>
    </classes>
  </test>  <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->

对于这两个测试，之前和之后的条件是不同的。

有没有办法让 @BeforeTest 和 @AfterTest 方法仅针对一个测试(例如“frontEnd”)运行，并为第二个测试(“Backend”)运行不同的 @BeforeTest 和 @AfterTest 方法。

目前我正在使用两个不同的 Cucumber 测试运行程序来完成此任务。但我想只使用一个测试运行程序来完成此任务。

这是我的两个测试运行者:

@CucumberOptions(
            features = "src/test/java/com/frontEnd",
            glue = "com/stepDefinitions/frontEnd",
            tags = {"~@ignore"}
        )
public class FrontEndTestRunner extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {

    @Parameters( {"URL"})
    @BeforeTest
    public static void setup(String url) throws IOException {
        TestConfiguration.initialise(true);
        Pages.initialise();
        TestConfiguration.getHomePageUrl(url);
    }

    /**
     * This class runs after the completion of the final test. It populates the reports and closes the browser driver. 
     */
    @AfterTest
    public static void after() {
        Browser.close();        
    }

}

还有

@CucumberOptions(
        features = "src/test/java/com/backEnd",
        glue = "com/stepDefinitions/backEnd"
    )
public class BackEndTestRunner extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {

    @BeforeTest
    public static void setup() throws IOException {
        TestConfiguration.initialise(true);
        Pages.initialise();
    }

    /**
     * This class runs after the completion of the final test. It logs the user out and closes the browser driver. 
     */
    @AfterTest
    public static void after() {
        Browser.close();        
    }
}

有没有一种方法，我只能使用一个 TestRunner，并且仍然能够为两组功能运行正确的 Begin 和 After 条件？

基本上，我需要能够对两组功能进行分组，并根据功能所属的组调用两个不同的 @BeforeTest 和 @AfterTest 方法。

Answer 1

我为您整理了一个示例 Maven 项目，该项目保留单个测试运行程序文件，并允许您将前端和后端文件分开(或者如果需要，您可以将它们组合起来)

在 src/test/java 中:

1. 添加一个名为“features”的包
   • 创建一个名为“backend.feature”的文件
   • 创建一个名为“frontend.feature”的文件
2. 添加一个名为“runners”的包
   • 创建一个名为“myRunner.java”的类文件
3. 添加一个名为“stepDefinitions”的包
   • 创建一个名为“backendSteps.java”的类文件
   • 创建一个名为“frontendSteps.java”的类文件
4. 更新您的 Maven 和 testng xml 文件

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后端.feature

Feature: Back End.

@backend
Scenario: Back end scenario.
Given Back end given
When  Back end when
Then  Back end then

<小时/>

<小时/>

前端.feature

Feature: Front End.

@frontend
Scenario: Front end scenario.
Given Front end given
When  Front end when
Then  Front end then

<小时/>

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myRunner.java

package runners;



import io.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;
import io.cucumber.testng.CucumberOptions;



@CucumberOptions(features   = "src/test/java/features",
                 glue       = "stepDefinitions")
public class myRunner extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests
{
}

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backendSteps.java

package stepDefinitions;



import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Then;
import io.cucumber.java.en.When;
import io.cucumber.java.After;
import io.cucumber.java.Before;



public class backendSteps
{
    @Before("@backend")
    public void setUp()
    {
        System.out.println("@Before for back end");
    }


    @After("@backend")
    public void tearDown()
    {
        System.out.println("@After for back end");
    }


    //  back end tests
    @Given("^Back end given$")
    public void Back_end_given()
    {
        System.out.println("Back end given");
    }


    @When("^Back end when$")
    public void Back_end_when()
    {
        System.out.println("Back end when");
    }


    @Then("^Back end then$")
    public void Back_end_then()
    {
        System.out.println("Back end then");
    }
}

<小时/>

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frontendSteps.java

package stepDefinitions;



import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Then;
import io.cucumber.java.en.When;
import io.cucumber.java.After;
import io.cucumber.java.Before;



public class frontendSteps
{
    @Before("@frontend")
    public void setUp()
    {
        System.out.println("@Before for front end");
    }


    @After("@frontend")
    public void tearDown()
    {
        System.out.println("@After for front end");
    }


    //  front end tests
    @Given("^Front end given$")
    public void Front_end_given()
    {
        System.out.println("Front end given");
    }


    @When("^Front end when$")
    public void Front_end_when()
    {
        System.out.println("Front end when");
    }


    @Then("^Front end then$")
    public void Front_end_then()
    {
        System.out.println("Front end then");
    }
}

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pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">


    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>YourGroupID</groupId>
    <artifactId>YourArtifactID</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>


    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>


    <build>
        <plugins>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0-M4</version>
                <configuration>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>TestNgCucumber.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

        </plugins>
    </build>


    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>7.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
            <version>4.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


</project>

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TestNgCucumber.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">


<suite name="Suite">
    <test name="Test">
        <classes>
            <class name="runners.myRunner" />
        </classes>
    </test>
</suite>

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输出到控制台

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 7.0.0
@Before for back end
Back end given
Back end when
Back end then
@After for back end
@Before for front end
Front end given
Front end when
Front end then
@After for front end

===============================================
Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

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或者，您可以从 2 个步骤定义文件中注释掉 @Before 和 @After 方法，并将它们替换为“stepDefinitions”包中的单独文件，如下所示:

Hooks.java

package stepDefinitions;



import io.cucumber.java.After;
import io.cucumber.java.Before;



public class Hooks
{
    @Before("@frontend")
    public void setUpFrontend()
    {
        System.out.println("@Before for front end");
    }


    @Before("@backend")
    public void setUpBackend()
    {
        System.out.println("@Before for back end");
    }


    @After("@frontend or @backend")
    public void tearDown()
    {
        System.out.println("@After for front end and back end");
    }
}

<小时/>

<小时/>

输出到控制台

[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 7.0.0
@Before for back end
Back end given
Back end when
Back end then
@After for front end and back end
@Before for front end
Front end given
Front end when
Front end then
@After for front end and back end

===============================================
Suite
Total tests run: 2, Passes: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================

<小时/>