java - 单选按钮的垂直滚动条

Question

我是一个非常新的 Java 程序员。

我正在尝试创建带有滚动条的单选按钮的垂直列表。我的代码不会产生指定大小的窗口，滚动条也不会实际出现。

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.swing.Box;
import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;

public class RadioButtonScroller {
    private List<String> abcList = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("Aa", "Bb", "Cc", "Dd", "Ee", "Ff", "Gg", "Hh", "Ii",
            "Jj", "Kk", "Ll", "Mm", "Nn", "Oo", "Pp", "Qq", "Rr", "Ss", "Tt", "Uu", "Vv", "Ww", "Xx", "Yy", "Zz"));
    private JRadioButton pickButton;
    private JFrame jframe = new JFrame("Select one:");
    private JScrollPane scrollPane;
    private JPanel panel = new JPanel();
    private Box vertBox;

    public RadioButtonScroller() {
        createUI();
    }

    public void setRadioButtons() {
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();

        for (int i = 0; i < abcList.size(); i++) {
            String theseLetters = abcList.get(i);
            pickButton = new JRadioButton(theseLetters);

            group.add(pickButton);
            vertBox.add(pickButton);
        }
    }

    private void createUI() {
        //centers on screen
        Dimension dim = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
        jframe.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        jframe.setLocation(dim.width / 3 - jframe.getSize().width / 3, dim.height / 4 - jframe.getSize().height / 4);

        vertBox = Box.createVerticalBox();
        jframe.setSize(300, 525);
        vertBox.setSize(300, 525);
        jframe.setVisible(true);

        panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        jframe.add(panel);
        scrollPane = new JScrollPane(vertBox);
        scrollPane.setSize(300, 525);
        scrollPane.getVerticalScrollBar();
        panel.add(scrollPane);

        jframe.pack();
        jframe.setVisible(true);
        jframe.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setRadioButtons();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RadioButtonScroller radioButtonScroller = new RadioButtonScroller();
    }
}

我之前已经成功地将 JFrame 与 Vbox 一起使用，但是 JPanel 和 JScrollPane 的添加让我感到困惑。

(由于某些兼容性问题，我无法使用 JavaFX。必须正在运行。)

非常感谢。

Answer 1

这里有很多布局问题

1. 布局管理器在大多数情况下并不考虑组件的大小，而是考虑其首选大小。
2. JScrollPane 的大小由其视口(viewport)的首选大小控制。
3. FlowLayout 非常基本且无情，通常无法很好地处理复杂的组合布局。
4. 不要在打包 JFrame 之后添加组件，而是在打包 JFrame 之前添加组件。否则组件和布局管理器将不会相应地调整自身大小。

例如，

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ItemEvent;
import java.awt.event.ItemListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class RadioButtonScroller2 extends JPanel {
    private List<String> abcList = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("Aa", "Bb", "Cc", "Dd", "Ee", "Ff", "Gg", "Hh", "Ii",
            "Jj", "Kk", "Ll", "Mm", "Nn", "Oo", "Pp", "Qq", "Rr", "Ss", "Tt", "Uu", "Vv", "Ww", "Xx", "Yy", "Zz"));
    private ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();

    public RadioButtonScroller2() {
        JPanel radioPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
        ItemListener il = itemEvent -> {
            if (itemEvent.getStateChange() == ItemEvent.SELECTED) {
                AbstractButton btn = (AbstractButton) itemEvent.getSource();
                System.out.println("Selection: " + btn.getActionCommand());
            }
        };
        for (String radioText : abcList) {
            JRadioButton radioButton = new JRadioButton(radioText);
            radioButton.setActionCommand(radioText);
            radioButton.addItemListener(il);
            radioPanel.add(radioButton);
            buttonGroup.add(radioButton);
        }

        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(radioPanel);
        scrollPane.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
        scrollPane.getViewport().setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150, 200));

        setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        add(scrollPane);
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        RadioButtonScroller2 mainPanel = new RadioButtonScroller2();

        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> createAndShowGui());
    }
}