python - 值错误 : Cannot have number of splits n_splits=3 greater than the number of samples: 1

Question

我正在尝试使用 train_test_split 和决策树回归器进行训练建模:

import sklearn
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeRegressor
from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score

# TODO: Make a copy of the DataFrame, using the 'drop' function to drop the given feature
new_data = samples.drop('Fresh', 1)

# TODO: Split the data into training and testing sets using the given feature as the target
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(new_data, samples['Fresh'], test_size=0.25, random_state=0)

# TODO: Create a decision tree regressor and fit it to the training set
regressor = DecisionTreeRegressor(random_state=0)
regressor = regressor.fit(X_train, y_train)

# TODO: Report the score of the prediction using the testing set
score = cross_val_score(regressor, X_test, y_test, cv=3)

print score

运行时出现错误:

ValueError: Cannot have number of splits n_splits=3 greater than the number of samples: 1.

如果我将 cv 的值更改为 1，我会得到:

ValueError: k-fold cross-validation requires at least one train/test split by setting n_splits=2 or more, got n_splits=1.

数据的一些示例行如下所示:

    Fresh   Milk    Grocery Frozen  Detergents_Paper    Delicatessen
0   14755   899 1382    1765    56  749
1   1838    6380    2824    1218    1216    295
2   22096   3575    7041    11422   343 2564

Answer 1

如果拆分数大于样本数，您将得到第一个错误。检查来自 source code 的片段给出如下:

if self.n_splits > n_samples:
    raise ValueError(
        ("Cannot have number of splits n_splits={0} greater"
         " than the number of samples: {1}.").format(self.n_splits,
                                                     n_samples))

如果折叠数小于或等于1，您将得到第二个错误。在您的例子中，cv = 1。检查source code :

if n_folds <= 1:
            raise ValueError(
                "k-fold cross validation requires at least one"
                " train / test split by setting n_folds=2 or more,"
                " got n_folds={0}.".format(n_folds))

有根据的猜测，X_test 中的样本数少于3。仔细检查。