java - 从 Java 执行命令时出现问题

Question

我构建了这个 actionPerformed 方法，以便它读取我传递给按钮的字符串(我需要创建自己的按钮类来保存这个新字符串)，并且根据它所说的内容，它会执行不同的操作。字符串的可能性之一是类似于:shell("")。这应该在后台运行系统命令(Windows 中的命令行，unix/linux 中的 shell 命令)。这是该方法的来源:

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (e.getSource() == this.button) {
            if (password != "") {

            }
            if (action.startsWith("shell(\"")) {
                String tmpSHELL = action.substring(7, action.length() - 2);

                try {
                    Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(tmpSHELL);
                } catch (IOException e1) {
                    ErrorDialog error = new ErrorDialog("Error handling your shell action");
                    System.exit(0);
                }

            }
            else if (action.startsWith("frame(\"")) {
                String tmpFRAME = action.substring(7, action.length() - 2);
                MenuFrame target = ConfigReader.getFrame(tmpFRAME);
                this.parent.setVisible(false);
                this.parent.validate();
                target.setVisible(true);
                target.validate();
            }
            else if (action.equals("exit()")) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
            else {
                ErrorDialog error = new ErrorDialog("You config file contains an invalid action command. Use either shell(), frame() or exit()");
                System.exit(0);
            }   
        }
    }

我知道我进入了该方法，但我不确定该命令是否成功执行。我目前处于 Windows 环境中，因此我制作了一个简单的批处理脚本，它会回显一些文本，然后等待击键，然后再打印 C: 驱动器的树。我将 .bat 放入我的工作 java 目录中并传递字符串 shell("test") (test 是批处理文件的名称)。但是，当我单击该按钮时，我会收到一个错误对话框(我在上面编码的那个)。

我的代码有问题吗，或者我对在 java 中执行 shell 命令如何工作的理解有问题吗？该命令引发 IO 异常，但我似乎无法弄清楚原因。预先感谢您的帮助。

堆栈跟踪:

java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "test": CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
    at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)
    at Button.actionPerformed(Button.java:52)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton$Handler.actionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonListener.mouseReleased(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
    at java.lang.ProcessImpl.create(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ProcessImpl.<init>(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(Unknown Source)
    ... 30 more

Answer 1

The system cannot find the file specified

您的文件路径不正确。尝试传递绝对文件路径。

shell("C:/somedirectory/test.bat")

此外，您可以通过完全删除字符串测试来测试这一点。通过使 if 语句始终为 true 并将批处理文件的路径传递给 Runtime.getRuntime().exec() 来对批处理文件的运行时执行进行硬编码

         if (password != "") {

         }
        if (true) {
            String tmpSHELL = action.substring(7, action.length() - 2);

            try {
                Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("test");
            } catch (IOException e1) {
                ErrorDialog error = new ErrorDialog("Error handling your shell action");
                System.exit(0);
            }

        }

这应该会产生相同的错误。然后将文件路径替换为绝对文件路径，您应该能够执行批处理文件。

Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("C:/somedirectory/test.bat");