shell - 函数 ExecCmd，曾经在 access 2007 中工作，但在 access 2013(64 位)中不再工作

Question

我曾经能够在我的 access 2007 db 中使用以下函数运行运行外部程序(如 exiftool 或 image magick)的命令行。我迁移到 access 2013，经过一些代码调整后，数据库可以正常工作，但这个函数 ExecCmd 除外。当我使用它时，我没有收到任何错误，但什么也没有发生。

有人可以帮忙吗？通过向我展示错误或建议更好的方法来做同样的事情。

Public Const SEE_MASK_DOENVSUBST As Long = &H200
Public Const SEE_MASK_IDLIST As Long = &H4
Public Const SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS As Long = &H40
Public Const SW_HIDE As Long = 0
Public Const SW_SHOW As Long = 5
Public Const WAIT_TIMEOUT As Long = 258&

Public Type SHELLEXECUTEINFOA
    cbSize As Long
    fMask As Long
    hwnd As Long
    lpVerb As String
    lpFile As String
    lpParameters As String
    lpDirectory As String
    nShow As Long
    hInstApp As Long
    lpIDList As Long
    lpClass As String
    hkeyClass As Long
    dwHotKey As Long
    hIcon As Long
    hProcess As Long
End Type
Public Declare PtrSafe Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hObject As Long) As Long
Public Declare PtrSafe Function GetExitCodeProcess Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hProcess As Long, ByRef lpExitCode As Long) As Long
Public Declare PtrSafe Function ShellExecuteEx Lib "shell32.dll" (ByRef lpExecInfo As SHELLEXECUTEINFOA) As Long
Public Declare PtrSafe Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long



Public Function ExecCmd(ByVal vsCmdLine As String, Optional ByRef vsParameters As String, Optional ByRef vsCurrentDirectory As String = vbNullString, Optional ByVal vnShowCmd As Long = SW_SHOW, Optional ByVal vnTimeOut As Long = 200) As Long
    Dim lpShellExInfo As SHELLEXECUTEINFOA
        With lpShellExInfo
            .cbSize = Len(lpShellExInfo)
            .lpDirectory = vsCurrentDirectory
            .lpVerb = "open"
            .lpFile = vsCmdLine
            .lpParameters = vsParameters
            .nShow = vnShowCmd
            .fMask = SEE_MASK_DOENVSUBST Or SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS Or SEE_MASK_IDLIST
        End With

        If ShellExecuteEx(lpShellExInfo) Then
            Do While WaitForSingleObject(lpShellExInfo.hProcess, vnTimeOut) = WAIT_TIMEOUT
                DoEvents
            Loop

            GetExitCodeProcess lpShellExInfo.hProcess, ExecCmd
            CloseHandle lpShellExInfo.hProcess
        Else
            ExecCmd = vbError
        End If
    End Function

我发现了另一个类似的功能，但第一个更好，因为它能够隐藏运行命令。这有效:

Option Explicit

Private Type STARTUPINFO
 cb As Long
 lpReserved As String
 lpDesktop As String
 lpTitle As String
 dwX As Long
 dwY As Long
 dwXSize As Long
 dwYSize As Long
 dwXCountChars As Long
 dwYCountChars As Long
 dwFillAttribute As Long
 dwFlags As Long
 wShowWindow As Integer
 cbReserved2 As Integer
 lpReserved2 As Long
 hStdInput As Long
 hStdOutput As Long
 hStdError As Long
End Type

Private Type PROCESS_INFORMATION
 hProcess As Long
 hThread As Long
 dwProcessID As Long
 dwThreadID As Long
End Type

Private Declare PtrSafe Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
 hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long

Private Declare PtrSafe Function CreateProcessA Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
 lpApplicationName As Long, ByVal lpCommandLine As String, ByVal _
 lpProcessAttributes As Long, ByVal lpThreadAttributes As Long, _
 ByVal bInheritHandles As Long, ByVal dwCreationFlags As Long, _
 ByVal lpEnvironment As Long, ByVal lpCurrentDirectory As Long, _
 lpStartupInfo As STARTUPINFO, lpProcessInformation As _
 PROCESS_INFORMATION) As Long

Private Declare PtrSafe Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
 hObject As Long) As Long

Private Const NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H20&
Private Const INFINITE = -1&

Public Sub ExecCmd(cmdline As String)
 Dim proc As PROCESS_INFORMATION
 Dim start As STARTUPINFO
 Dim ReturnValue As Integer

 ' Initialize the STARTUPINFO structure:
 start.cb = Len(start)

 ' Start the shelled application:
 ReturnValue = CreateProcessA(0&, cmdline$, 0&, 0&, 1&, _
 NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, 0&, 0&, start, proc)

 ' Wait for the shelled application to finish:
 Do
 ReturnValue = WaitForSingleObject(proc.hProcess, 0)
 DoEvents
 Loop Until ReturnValue <> 258

 ReturnValue = CloseHandle(proc.hProcess)
End Sub

Answer 1

我能够使用一个简单的测试用例重现您的问题。 VBA 过程...

Sub test()
    Dim r As Variant
    r = ExecCmd("cscript.exe", "C:\Users\Public\Documents\foo.vbs", "", 0)
End Sub

...在 32 位 Access 2013 下工作正常，但在 64 位 Access 2013 下静默失败。但是，以下代码似乎在 64 位 Access 2013 下工作:

Sub test2()
    Dim sh As Object  ' WshShell
    Set sh = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
    sh.Run "cscript.exe C:\Users\Public\Documents\foo.vbs", 0
    Set sh = Nothing
End Sub

有关详细信息，请参阅

Run Method (Windows Script Host)